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Recycling and Reuse of Mn-Based Spinel Electrode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Arjun K. Thapa

    (Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

  • Abhinav C. Nouduri

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

  • Mohammed Mohiuddin

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

  • Hari Prasad Reddy Kannapu

    (Advance Energy Materials LLC, Louisville, KY 40208, USA)

  • Lihui Bai

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

  • Hui Wang

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

  • Mahendra K. Sunkara

    (Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
    Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA)

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce an environmentally friendly approach to recycle used batteries and recover highly valuable manganese-based cathode materials. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fast plasma pyrolysis to recover LiMn 2 O 4 electrode materials (e.g., lithium manganese oxide, LMO) and demonstrate their reuse in newly assembled Li-ion cells. The electrochemical performance of as-recycled cathodes shows an initial discharge capacity of 72 mAh/g and is stable for 100 cycles at 0.1 C. After adding 20 mole % of excess LiOH, the recycled LMO after relithiation at 660 °C can deliver an initial discharge capacity of 96 mAh/g and retain a decent discharge capacity of 88 mAh/g after 50 cycles at a 0.2 C rate. Without relithiation, the as-recycled LMO cathode after heating at 1000 °C delivers the best electrochemical cycling performance, including an initial discharge capacity of 94 mAh/g and 50th cycle capacity of 91 mAh/g at a 0.2 C rate. This study highlights a feasible approach for recycling electrode materials in spent LIBs. Recycling of lithium-ion batteries and especially electrode materials is crucial for the sustained growth of the lithium-ion battery industry and reduced environmental issues.

Suggested Citation

  • Arjun K. Thapa & Abhinav C. Nouduri & Mohammed Mohiuddin & Hari Prasad Reddy Kannapu & Lihui Bai & Hui Wang & Mahendra K. Sunkara, 2024. "Recycling and Reuse of Mn-Based Spinel Electrode from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-13, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:16:p:3996-:d:1454953
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Richard Schmuch & Ralf Wagner & Gerhard Hörpel & Tobias Placke & Martin Winter, 2018. "Performance and cost of materials for lithium-based rechargeable automotive batteries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(4), pages 267-278, April.
    2. Gavin Harper & Roberto Sommerville & Emma Kendrick & Laura Driscoll & Peter Slater & Rustam Stolkin & Allan Walton & Paul Christensen & Oliver Heidrich & Simon Lambert & Andrew Abbott & Karl Ryder & L, 2019. "Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles," Nature, Nature, vol. 575(7781), pages 75-86, November.
    3. M. Armand & J.-M. Tarascon, 2008. "Building better batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7179), pages 652-657, February.
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