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Investigation of the Pore Characteristics and Capillary Forces in Shale before and after Reaction with Supercritical CO 2 and Slickwater

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  • Chi Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Qian Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Methane Drainage in Complex Coal Gas Seam, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Yanlin Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Jiren Tang

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Methane Drainage in Complex Coal Gas Seam, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Yunzhong Jia

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
    State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Methane Drainage in Complex Coal Gas Seam, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

  • Tianyi Gong

    (State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

Abstract

CO 2 –slickwater hybrid fracturing technology is an essential part of shale gas recovery and CO 2 geo-storage. However, the exposure to supercritical CO 2 (ScCO 2 ) and slickwater can result in potential changes of the pore structures and surface wetting behavior, which affect the gas transportation and CO 2 sequestration security in shale reservoirs. Therefore, in this paper, X-ray diffraction (XRD), low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption (N 2 GA), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and fractal analysis were used to describe the pore characteristics of shale before and after ScCO 2 –slickwater coupling treatments. Shale’s surface wettability was confirmed by contact angle measurements. After the ScCO 2 –slickwater treatments, the number of micropores (<3.5 nm) and mesopores (3.5–50 nm) increased, while that of macropores (>50 nm) declined based on the N 2 GA and MIP experiments. Combined with fractal analysis, we argue that the pore connectivity diminished and the pore structure became more complicated. By analyzing the results of XRD, shale pore changes occurring after the ScCO 2 –slickwater treatment can be explained by the adsorption of polyacrylamide (PAM). Contact angle measurement results showed that the shale’s surface treated by ScCO 2 and slickwater was more hydrophilic than that treated by ScCO 2 and water, and indirectly prove our argument above. Hence, the coupling using effect of ScCO 2 and slickwater can impair the negative effect of CO 2 on the shale capillary force to improve shale gas productivity, but it can negatively affect the security of CO 2 sequestration in shale reservoirs.

Suggested Citation

  • Chi Zhang & Qian Li & Yanlin Liu & Jiren Tang & Yunzhong Jia & Tianyi Gong, 2024. "Investigation of the Pore Characteristics and Capillary Forces in Shale before and after Reaction with Supercritical CO 2 and Slickwater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:16:p:3870-:d:1450711
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qin, Chao & Jiang, Yongdong & Zhou, Junping & Zuo, Shuangying & Chen, Shiwan & Liu, Zhengjie & Yin, Hong & Li, Ye, 2022. "Influence of supercritical CO2 exposure on water wettability of shale: Implications for CO2 sequestration and shale gas recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    2. Shakya, Shishir & Li, Bingxin & Etienne, Xiaoli, 2022. "Shale revolution, oil and gas prices, and drilling activities in the United States," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
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