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Advancing Renewable Energy Forecasting: A Comprehensive Review of Renewable Energy Forecasting Methods

Author

Listed:
  • Rita Teixeira

    (Department of Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Adelaide Cerveira

    (Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    INEC-TEC UTAD Pole, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Eduardo J. Solteiro Pires

    (Department of Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    INEC-TEC UTAD Pole, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • José Baptista

    (Department of Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    INEC-TEC UTAD Pole, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

Abstract

Socioeconomic growth and population increase are driving a constant global demand for energy. Renewable energy is emerging as a leading solution to minimise the use of fossil fuels. However, renewable resources are characterised by significant intermittency and unpredictability, which impact their energy production and integration into the power grid. Forecasting models are increasingly being developed to address these challenges and have become crucial as renewable energy sources are integrated in energy systems. In this paper, a comparative analysis of forecasting methods for renewable energy production is developed, focusing on photovoltaic and wind power. A review of state-of-the-art techniques is conducted to synthesise and categorise different forecasting models, taking into account climatic variables, optimisation algorithms, pre-processing techniques, and various forecasting horizons. By integrating diverse techniques such as optimisation algorithms and pre-processing methods and carefully selecting the forecast horizon, it is possible to highlight the accuracy and stability of forecasts. Overall, the ongoing development and refinement of forecasting methods are crucial to achieve a sustainable and reliable energy future.

Suggested Citation

  • Rita Teixeira & Adelaide Cerveira & Eduardo J. Solteiro Pires & José Baptista, 2024. "Advancing Renewable Energy Forecasting: A Comprehensive Review of Renewable Energy Forecasting Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-30, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:14:p:3480-:d:1435461
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