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Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements

Author

Listed:
  • Yu Miao

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA)

  • Patrick Hynan

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA)

  • Annette von Jouanne

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA)

  • Alexandre Yokochi

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA)

Abstract

Over the past several decades, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) has continued to increase. Projections estimate that worldwide, more than 125 million EVs will be on the road by 2030. At the heart of these advanced vehicles is the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery which provides the required energy storage. This paper presents and compares key components of Li-ion batteries and describes associated battery management systems, as well as approaches to improve the overall battery efficiency, capacity, and lifespan. Material and thermal characteristics are identified as critical to battery performance. The positive and negative electrode materials, electrolytes and the physical implementation of Li-ion batteries are discussed. In addition, current research on novel high energy density batteries is presented, as well as opportunities to repurpose and recycle the batteries.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Miao & Patrick Hynan & Annette von Jouanne & Alexandre Yokochi, 2019. "Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:6:p:1074-:d:215574
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. J.-M. Tarascon & M. Armand, 2001. "Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries," Nature, Nature, vol. 414(6861), pages 359-367, November.
    2. Ryan Collin & Yu Miao & Alex Yokochi & Prasad Enjeti & Annette von Jouanne, 2019. "Advanced Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-26, May.
    3. Marcelo Maciel & Luiz Rosa & Fernando Correa & Ursula Maruyama, 2012. "Energy, Pollutant Emissions and Other Negative Externality Savings from Curbing Individual Motorized Transportation (IMT): A Low Cost, Low Technology Scenario Analysis in Brazilian Urban Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-27, March.
    4. Feyijimi Adegbohun & Annette von Jouanne & Kwang Y. Lee, 2019. "Autonomous Battery Swapping System and Methodologies of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, February.
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