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DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

Author

Listed:
  • Purusothmn Nair S. Bhasker Nair

    (Department Chemical and Environmental Engineering/Centre of Excellence for Green Technologies, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Raymond R. Tan

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines)

  • Dominic C. Y. Foo

    (Department Chemical and Environmental Engineering/Centre of Excellence for Green Technologies, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Disni Gamaralalage

    (Presidential Endowed Chair for “Platinum Society”, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan)

  • Michael Short

    (Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK)

Abstract

The deployment of CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) and negative emissions technologies (NETs) are crucial to meeting the net-zero emissions target by the year 2050, as emphasised by the Glasgow Climate Pact. Over the years, several energy planning models have been developed to address the temporal aspects of carbon management. However, limited works have incorporated CCS and NETs for bottom-up energy planning at the individual plant scale, which is considered in this work. The novel formulation is implemented in an open-source energy system software that has been developed in this work for optimal decarbonisation planning. The DECarbonation Options Optimisation ( DECO2 ) software considers multiperiod energy planning with a superstructural model and was developed in Python with an integrated user interface in Microsoft Excel. The software application is demonstrated with two scenarios that differ in terms of the availabilities of mitigation technologies. For the more conservative Scenario 1, in which CCS is only available in later years, and other NETs are assumed not to be available, all coal plants were replaced with biomass. Meanwhile, only 38% of natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The remaining natural gas plants are replaced with biogas. For the more aggressive Scenario 2, which includes all mitigation technologies, once again, all coal plants undergo fuel substitution. However, close to half of the natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The results demonstrated the potential of fuel substitutions for low-carbon alternatives in existing coal and natural gas power plants. Additionally, once NETs are mature and are available for commercial deployment, their deployment is crucial in aiding CO 2 removal in minimal investment costs scenarios. However, the results indicate that the deployment of energy-producing NETs (EP-NETs), e.g., biochar and biomass with CCS, are far more beneficial in CO 2 removal versus energy-consuming NETs (EC-NETs), e.g., enhanced weathering. The newly developed open-source software demonstrates the importance of determining the optimal deployment of mitigation technologies in meeting climate change targets for each period, as well as driving the achievement of net-zero emissions by mid-century.

Suggested Citation

  • Purusothmn Nair S. Bhasker Nair & Raymond R. Tan & Dominic C. Y. Foo & Disni Gamaralalage & Michael Short, 2023. "DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-27, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:4:p:1708-:d:1062233
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    References listed on IDEAS

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