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Analysis of Feasibility of Producing and Using Biogas in Large Cities, Based on the Example of Krakow and Its Surrounding Municipalities

Author

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  • Marta Szyba

    (Faculty of Management, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Jerzy Mikulik

    (Faculty of Management, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

Abstract

In Poland, mixed municipal waste, municipal sewage and agricultural waste are used to produce biogas. Biodegradable green waste and kitchen waste generated in households are not used for this purpose. In the cogeneration process, the produced biogas is burned in a gas generator, resulting in electricity and heat. Electricity is sold in its entirety to the energy operator, but there are no heat consumers. The solution may be the construction of municipal biogas plants in urban areas, using kitchen and green biowaste from households located in cities and surrounding municipalities. Thanks to this location, the surplus heat can be used by the local district heating network to heat the buildings in the city. The aim of the article is to assess the possibilities of producing biogas and energy from municipal bio-waste generated in households in Krakow and surrounding communes. To achieve the goal, a simulation was carried out for a biogas plant with a capacity of 1 MW. Two types of substrates were used as inputs, i.e., biowaste from households and green biowaste. The data for analysis came from the Marshal’s Office of the Małopolskie Voivodeship, to which municipalities submit reports on the amount of municipal waste collected, and the Central Statistical Office, which has data on municipal waste collected in municipalities in Poland. The collected data were used to conduct five simulations. The most advantageous method is to produce biogas from kitchen waste and silage from green waste mixed in the appropriate C:N ratio. Assuming the optimal proportions of mixed substrates, a 1 MW biogas plant can produce 4.1 million m 3 of biogas, from which electricity can be produced for 2.5 thousand houses and heat for 1.1 thousand houses. The article ends with conclusions and recommendations on how to collect biodegradable municipal waste, which should be treated as a valuable source of energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta Szyba & Jerzy Mikulik, 2023. "Analysis of Feasibility of Producing and Using Biogas in Large Cities, Based on the Example of Krakow and Its Surrounding Municipalities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:22:p:7588-:d:1280644
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marta Szyba & Jerzy Mikulik, 2023. "Management of Biodegradable Waste Intended for Biogas Production in a Large City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Kaspar R. Daellenbach & Gaëlle Uzu & Jianhui Jiang & Laure-Estelle Cassagnes & Zaira Leni & Athanasia Vlachou & Giulia Stefenelli & Francesco Canonaco & Samuël Weber & Arjo Segers & Jeroen J. P. Kuene, 2020. "Sources of particulate-matter air pollution and its oxidative potential in Europe," Nature, Nature, vol. 587(7834), pages 414-419, November.
    3. Andante Hadi Pandyaswargo & Premakumara Jagath Dickella Gamaralalage & Chen Liu & Michael Knaus & Hiroshi Onoda & Faezeh Mahichi & Yanghui Guo, 2019. "Challenges and an Implementation Framework for Sustainable Municipal Organic Waste Management Using Biogas Technology in Emerging Asian Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-27, November.
    4. José Carlos Curvelo Santana & Amanda Carvalho Miranda & Charles Lincoln Kenji Yamamura & Silvério Catureba da Silva Filho & Elias Basile Tambourgi & Linda Lee Ho & Fernando Tobal Berssaneti, 2020. "Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health and Costs: Current Situation in São Paulo, Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-20, June.
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