IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i22p7588-d1280644.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysis of Feasibility of Producing and Using Biogas in Large Cities, Based on the Example of Krakow and Its Surrounding Municipalities

Author

Listed:
  • Marta Szyba

    (Faculty of Management, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Jerzy Mikulik

    (Faculty of Management, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

Abstract

In Poland, mixed municipal waste, municipal sewage and agricultural waste are used to produce biogas. Biodegradable green waste and kitchen waste generated in households are not used for this purpose. In the cogeneration process, the produced biogas is burned in a gas generator, resulting in electricity and heat. Electricity is sold in its entirety to the energy operator, but there are no heat consumers. The solution may be the construction of municipal biogas plants in urban areas, using kitchen and green biowaste from households located in cities and surrounding municipalities. Thanks to this location, the surplus heat can be used by the local district heating network to heat the buildings in the city. The aim of the article is to assess the possibilities of producing biogas and energy from municipal bio-waste generated in households in Krakow and surrounding communes. To achieve the goal, a simulation was carried out for a biogas plant with a capacity of 1 MW. Two types of substrates were used as inputs, i.e., biowaste from households and green biowaste. The data for analysis came from the Marshal’s Office of the Małopolskie Voivodeship, to which municipalities submit reports on the amount of municipal waste collected, and the Central Statistical Office, which has data on municipal waste collected in municipalities in Poland. The collected data were used to conduct five simulations. The most advantageous method is to produce biogas from kitchen waste and silage from green waste mixed in the appropriate C:N ratio. Assuming the optimal proportions of mixed substrates, a 1 MW biogas plant can produce 4.1 million m 3 of biogas, from which electricity can be produced for 2.5 thousand houses and heat for 1.1 thousand houses. The article ends with conclusions and recommendations on how to collect biodegradable municipal waste, which should be treated as a valuable source of energy.

Suggested Citation

  • Marta Szyba & Jerzy Mikulik, 2023. "Analysis of Feasibility of Producing and Using Biogas in Large Cities, Based on the Example of Krakow and Its Surrounding Municipalities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:22:p:7588-:d:1280644
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/22/7588/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/22/7588/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. José Carlos Curvelo Santana & Amanda Carvalho Miranda & Charles Lincoln Kenji Yamamura & Silvério Catureba da Silva Filho & Elias Basile Tambourgi & Linda Lee Ho & Fernando Tobal Berssaneti, 2020. "Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health and Costs: Current Situation in São Paulo, Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Andante Hadi Pandyaswargo & Premakumara Jagath Dickella Gamaralalage & Chen Liu & Michael Knaus & Hiroshi Onoda & Faezeh Mahichi & Yanghui Guo, 2019. "Challenges and an Implementation Framework for Sustainable Municipal Organic Waste Management Using Biogas Technology in Emerging Asian Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-27, November.
    3. Kaspar R. Daellenbach & Gaëlle Uzu & Jianhui Jiang & Laure-Estelle Cassagnes & Zaira Leni & Athanasia Vlachou & Giulia Stefenelli & Francesco Canonaco & Samuël Weber & Arjo Segers & Jeroen J. P. Kuene, 2020. "Sources of particulate-matter air pollution and its oxidative potential in Europe," Nature, Nature, vol. 587(7834), pages 414-419, November.
    4. Marta Szyba & Jerzy Mikulik, 2023. "Management of Biodegradable Waste Intended for Biogas Production in a Large City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maria Chiara Pietrogrande & Cristina Colombi & Eleonora Cuccia & Umberto Dal Santo & Luisa Romanato, 2023. "Seasonal and Spatial Variations of the Oxidative Properties of Ambient PM 2.5 in the Po Valley, Italy, before and during COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Roopnarain, Ashira & Rama, Haripriya & Ndaba, Busiswa & Bello-Akinosho, Maryam & Bamuza-Pemu, Emomotimi & Adeleke, Rasheed, 2021. "Unravelling the anaerobic digestion ‘black box’: Biotechnological approaches for process optimization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    3. Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec & Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska & Grzegorz Majewski, 2022. "Particulate Matter Concentration in Selected Facilities as an Indicator of Exposure to Their Service Activities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Nan Jia & Yinshuai Li & Ruishan Chen & Hongbo Yang, 2023. "A Review of Global PM 2.5 Exposure Research Trends from 1992 to 2022," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Yuan Liu & Xun He & Wanzhang Wang & Chenhui Zhu & Ruibo Jian & Jinfan Chen, 2022. "Agri-Environment Atmospheric Real-Time Monitoring Technology Based on Drone and Light Scattering," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-20, November.
    6. Jakub Mazurkiewicz, 2023. "The Impact of Manure Use for Energy Purposes on the Economic Balance of a Dairy Farm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-22, September.
    7. Grazia Ghermandi & Sara Fabbi & Giorgio Veratti & Alessandro Bigi & Sergio Teggi, 2020. "Estimate of Secondary NO 2 Levels at Two Urban Traffic Sites Using Observations and Modelling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-13, September.
    8. Sai Ge & Jun Ma & Lei Liu & Zhiming Yuan, 2020. "The Impact of Exogenous Aerobic Bacteria on Sustainable Methane Production Associated with Municipal Solid Waste Biodegradation: Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-11, February.
    9. Keren Dopelt & Liza Aharon & Miri Rimon, 2024. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Regarding Health and Environment in an Israeli Community: Implications for Sustainable Urban Environments and Public Health," World, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-14, August.
    10. Zehui Liu & Harald E. Rieder & Christian Schmidt & Monika Mayer & Yixin Guo & Wilfried Winiwarter & Lin Zhang, 2023. "Optimal reactive nitrogen control pathways identified for cost-effective PM2.5 mitigation in Europe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    11. Smith, Laurence G. & Westaway, Sally & Mullender, Samantha & Ghaley, Bhim Bahadur & Xu, Ying & Lehmann, Lisa Mølgaard & Pisanelli, Andrea & Russo, Giuseppe & Borek, Robert & Wawer, Rafał & Borzęcka, M, 2022. "Assessing the multidimensional elements of sustainability in European agroforestry systems," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    12. Peiqi Hu & Kai Zhou & Haoxi Zhang & Zhong Ma & Jingyuan Li, 2023. "The Cause and Correlation Network of Air Pollution from a Spatial Perspective: Evidence from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, February.
    13. Nour El Houda Chaher & Safwat Hemidat & Qahtan Thabit & Mehrez Chakchouk & Abdallah Nassour & Moktar Hamdi & Michael Nelles, 2020. "Potential of Sustainable Concept for Handling Organic Waste in Tunisia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-31, October.
    14. Simon Briole & Augustin Colette & Emmanuelle Lavaine, 2023. "The Heterogeneous Effects of Lockdown Policies on Air Pollution," Working Papers hal-04084912, HAL.
    15. Grzegorz Ginda & Marta Szyba, 2023. "Identification of Key Factors for the Development of Agricultural Biogas Plants in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-19, November.
    16. Chen Liu & Dami Moon & Atsushi Watabe, 2024. "Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Anaerobic Digestion for Municipal Organic Waste: A Case Study of Minamisanriku Town, Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-17, August.
    17. Deepika Bhattu & Sachchida Nand Tripathi & Himadri Sekhar Bhowmik & Vaios Moschos & Chuan Ping Lee & Martin Rauber & Gary Salazar & Gülcin Abbaszade & Tianqu Cui & Jay G. Slowik & Pawan Vats & Suneeti, 2024. "Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    18. Gorica Stanojević & Slavica Malinović-Milićević & Eldin Brđanin & Miško Milanović & Milan M. Radovanović & Teodora Popović, 2024. "Impact of Domestic Heating on Air Pollution—Extreme Pollution Events in Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-19, September.
    19. David Segersson & Christer Johansson & Bertil Forsberg, 2021. "Near-Source Risk Functions for Particulate Matter Are Critical When Assessing the Health Benefits of Local Abatement Strategies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
    20. Marion Leroutier & Philippe Quirion, 2021. "Tackling Transport-Induced Pollution in Cities: A case Study in Paris," Working Papers 2021.07, FAERE - French Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:22:p:7588-:d:1280644. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.