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Optimal Planning Strategy for Reconfigurable Electric Vehicle Chargers in Car Parks

Author

Listed:
  • Bingkun Song

    (Department of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand)

  • Udaya K. Madawala

    (Department of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand)

  • Craig A. Baguley

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

Abstract

A conventional electric vehicle charger (EVC) charges only one EV concurrently. This leads to underutilization whenever the charging power is less than the EVC-rated capacity. Consequently, the cost-effectiveness of conventional EVCs is limited. Reconfigurable EVCs (REVCs) are a new technology that overcomes underutilization by allowing multiple EVs to be charged concurrently. This brings a cost-effective charging solution, especially in large car parks requiring numerous chargers. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal planning strategy for car parks deploying REVCs. The proposed planning strategy involves three stages. An optimization model is developed for each stage of the proposed planning strategy. The first stage determines the optimal power rating of power modules inside each REVC, and the second stage determines the optimal number and configuration of REVCs, followed by determining the optimal operation plan for EV car parks in the third stage. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal planning strategy, a comprehensive case study is undertaken using realistic car parking scenarios with 400 parking spaces, electricity tariffs, and grid infrastructure costs. Compared to deploying other conventional EVCs, the results convincingly indicate that the proposed optimal planning strategy significantly reduces the total cost of investment and operation while satisfying charging demands.

Suggested Citation

  • Bingkun Song & Udaya K. Madawala & Craig A. Baguley, 2023. "Optimal Planning Strategy for Reconfigurable Electric Vehicle Chargers in Car Parks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:20:p:7204-:d:1265295
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tim Jonas & Noah Daniels & Gretchen Macht, 2023. "Electric Vehicle User Behavior: An Analysis of Charging Station Utilization in Canada," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-19, February.
    2. Miguel Campaña & Esteban Inga & Jorge Cárdenas, 2021. "Optimal Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Urban Traffic Flow for Smart Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Prince Aduama & Ameena S. Al-Sumaiti & Khalifa H. Al-Hosani, 2023. "Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure and Energy Resources: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, February.
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