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Exergy Analysis and Off-Design Modeling of a Solar-Driven Supercritical CO 2 Recompression Brayton Cycle

Author

Listed:
  • Felipe G. Battisti

    (Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile)

  • Carlos F. Klein

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370456, Chile
    Current address: Ausenco, Santiago 7590992, Chile.)

  • Rodrigo A. Escobar

    (Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile)

  • José M. Cardemil

    (Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile)

Abstract

The latest generation of concentrated solar power (CSP) systems uses supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO 2 ) as the working fluid in a high-performance recompression Brayton cycle (RcBC), whose off-design performance under different environmental conditions has yet to be fully explored. This study presents a model developed using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) and System Advisor Model (SAM) to evaluate the operation of two solar-driven s-CO 2 RcBCs over a year, considering meteorological conditions in northern Chile. Under design conditions, the power plant outputs a net power of 25 M W with a first-law efficiency of 48.3%. An exergy analysis reveals that the high-temperature recuperator contributes the most to the exergy destruction under nominal conditions. However, the yearly simulation shows that the gas cooler’s exergy destruction increases at high ambient temperatures, as does the turbine’s during off-design operation. The proposed cycle widens the operational range, offering a higher flexibility and synergistic turndown strategy by throttling the mass flow. The proposed cycle’s seasonal first-law efficiency of 39% outweighs the literature cycle’s 29%. When coupled to a thermal energy storage system, the proposed cycle’s capacity factor could reach 93.45%, compared to the value 76.45% reported for the cycle configuration taken from the literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Felipe G. Battisti & Carlos F. Klein & Rodrigo A. Escobar & José M. Cardemil, 2023. "Exergy Analysis and Off-Design Modeling of a Solar-Driven Supercritical CO 2 Recompression Brayton Cycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-26, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:12:p:4755-:d:1172566
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Battisti, F.G. & de Araujo Passos, L.A. & da Silva, A.K., 2022. "Economic and environmental assessment of a CO2 solar-powered plant with packed-bed thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    2. Liu, Ming & Steven Tay, N.H. & Bell, Stuart & Belusko, Martin & Jacob, Rhys & Will, Geoffrey & Saman, Wasim & Bruno, Frank, 2016. "Review on concentrating solar power plants and new developments in high temperature thermal energy storage technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1411-1432.
    3. Correa, Faustino & Barraza, Rodrigo & Soo Too, Yen Chean & Vasquez Padilla, Ricardo & Cardemil, José M., 2021. "Optimized operation of recompression sCO2 Brayton cycle based on adjustable recompression fraction under variable conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    4. Arias, I. & Cardemil, J. & Zarza, E. & Valenzuela, L. & Escobar, R., 2022. "Latest developments, assessments and research trends for next generation of concentrated solar power plants using liquid heat transfer fluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    5. Duvenhage, D. Frank & Brent, Alan C. & Stafford, William H.L., 2019. "The need to strategically manage CSP fleet development and water resources: A structured review and way forward," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 813-825.
    6. Jiang, Yuan & Liese, Eric & Zitney, Stephen E. & Bhattacharyya, Debangsu, 2018. "Design and dynamic modeling of printed circuit heat exchangers for supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton power cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1019-1032.
    7. Delsoto, G.S. & Battisti, F.G. & da Silva, A.K., 2023. "Dynamic modeling and control of a solar-powered Brayton cycle using supercritical CO2 and optimization of its thermal energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 336-356.
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