IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i4p1534-d753279.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Mineral Oil and Palm Oil with Added Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube for Application in Oil-Filled Transformers

Author

Listed:
  • Nur Sabrina Suhaimi

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Taufiq Ishak

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Muhamad Faiz Md Din

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Fakhroul Ridzuan Hashim

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

  • Abdul Rashid Abdul Rahman

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia)

Abstract

This century is experiencing a generation of nanotechnologies that makes use of the remarkable properties of nanofluids in applications such as electrical systems, industrialization, and others. In this paper, mineral oil (MO) and palm oil (PO), with multi-walled carbon nanotube (CNT), have been synthesized for use in oil-filled transformer applications. This research aims to use Raman characterization to assess the feasibility of CNT nanofluids samples at 0.02 g/L and 0.03 g/L concentrations. The chemical structure bonding that exists in the Raman band between 700 cm −1 and 3100 cm −1 regions is identified and analyzed, accordingly. After baseline removal and normalization, the precision band location and intensity of oil samples are fitted with a Gaussian profile. It was discovered that the peak at ~1440 cm −1 has the highest intensity for six oil samples, which is attributed to the (C–H) methylene scissors vibration of the CH 2 group. Based on the FWHM profile and integrated area under the curve of PO, it was discovered that CNT contributes to the structural stability defect of PO. Principal component analysis (PCA) is also used in this study to classify different samples based on chemical composition and identify the spectral characteristics with the highest degree of variability.

Suggested Citation

  • Nur Sabrina Suhaimi & Mohd Taufiq Ishak & Muhamad Faiz Md Din & Fakhroul Ridzuan Hashim & Abdul Rashid Abdul Rahman, 2022. "Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Mineral Oil and Palm Oil with Added Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube for Application in Oil-Filled Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:1534-:d:753279
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1534/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1534/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Saidur, R. & Leong, K.Y. & Mohammad, H.A., 2011. "A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 1646-1668, April.
    2. Nurul Izzatul Akma Katim & Mohd Taufiq Ishak & Nur Aqilah Mohamad Amin & Mardhiah Hayati Abdul Hamid & Khairol Amali Ahmad & Norhafiz Azis, 2018. "Lightning Breakdown Voltage Evaluation of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil as Transformer Oil under Quasi-Uniform Field Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-15, October.
    3. Nur Sabrina Suhaimi & Muhamad Faiz Md Din & Abdul Rashid Abdul Rahman & Mardhiah Hayati Abdul Hamid & Nur Aqilah Mohamad Amin & Wan Fathul Hakim Wan Zamri & Jianli Wang, 2020. "Optimum Electrical and Dielectric Performance of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped Disposed Transformer Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abu Shadate Faisal Mahamude & Wan Sharuzi Wan Harun & Kumaran Kadirgama & Devarajan Ramasamy & Kaniz Farhana & Khalid Saleh & Talal Yusaf, 2022. "Experimental Study on the Efficiency Improvement of Flat Plate Solar Collectors Using Hybrid Nanofluids Graphene/Waste Cotton," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-27, March.
    2. Salman, B.H. & Mohammed, H.A. & Munisamy, K.M. & Kherbeet, A. Sh., 2013. "Characteristics of heat transfer and fluid flow in microtube and microchannel using conventional fluids and nanofluids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 848-880.
    3. Syahira Mansur & Anuar Ishak & Ioan Pop, 2015. "The Magnetohydrodynamic Stagnation Point Flow of a Nanofluid over a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Suction," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Amjad Ali & Zainab Bukhari & Gullnaz Shahzadi & Zaheer Abbas & Muhammad Umar, 2021. "Numerical Simulation of the Thermally Developed Pulsatile Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid in a Constricted Channel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, April.
    5. Aftab, A. & Ismail, A.R. & Ibupoto, Z.H. & Akeiber, H. & Malghani, M.G.K., 2017. "Nanoparticles based drilling muds a solution to drill elevated temperature wells: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1301-1313.
    6. Amaris, Carlos & Vallès, Manel & Bourouis, Mahmoud, 2018. "Vapour absorption enhancement using passive techniques for absorption cooling/heating technologies: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 826-853.
    7. Abdin, Z. & Alim, M.A. & Saidur, R. & Islam, M.R. & Rashmi, W. & Mekhilef, S. & Wadi, A., 2013. "Solar energy harvesting with the application of nanotechnology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 837-852.
    8. Sharma, A. & Tripathi, D. & Sharma, R.K. & Tiwari, A.K., 2019. "Analysis of double diffusive convection in electroosmosis regulated peristaltic transport of nanofluids," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 535(C).
    9. Azmi, W.H. & Sharif, M.Z. & Yusof, T.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Redhwan, A.A.M., 2017. "Potential of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving in refrigeration system – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 415-428.
    10. Ranga Babu, J.A. & Kumar, K. Kiran & Srinivasa Rao, S., 2017. "State-of-art review on hybrid nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 551-565.
    11. Gasia, Jaume & Miró, Laia & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2016. "Materials and system requirements of high temperature thermal energy storage systems: A review. Part 2: Thermal conductivity enhancement techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1584-1601.
    12. Wu, Xi & Xu, Shiming & Jiang, Mengnan, 2018. "Development of bubble absorption refrigeration technology: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3468-3482.
    13. Mahian, Omid & Mahmud, Shohel & Heris, Saeed Zeinali, 2012. "Analysis of entropy generation between co-rotating cylinders using nanofluids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 438-446.
    14. Shaafi, T. & Sairam, K. & Gopinath, A. & Kumaresan, G. & Velraj, R., 2015. "Effect of dispersion of various nanoadditives on the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with diesel, biodiesel and blends—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 563-573.
    15. Eleonora Ponticorvo & Mariagrazia Iuliano & Claudia Cirillo & Angelo Maiorino & Ciro Aprea & Maria Sarno, 2022. "Fouling Behavior and Dispersion Stability of Nanoparticle-Based Refrigeration Fluid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    16. Pawel Rozga & Abderrahmane Beroual & Piotr Przybylek & Maciej Jaroszewski & Konrad Strzelecki, 2020. "A Review on Synthetic Ester Liquids for Transformer Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-33, December.
    17. Chdil, O. & Bikerouin, M. & Balli, M. & Mounkachi, O., 2023. "New horizons in magnetic refrigeration using artificial intelligence," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    18. Acharya, Nilankush, 2021. "Spectral quasi linearization simulation on the radiative nanofluid spraying over a permeable inclined spinning disk considering the existence of heat source/sink," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 411(C).
    19. Sharaf, Omar Z. & Al-Khateeb, Ashraf N. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C. & Abu-Nada, Eiyad, 2019. "Energy and exergy analysis and optimization of low-flux direct absorption solar collectors (DASCs): Balancing power- and temperature-gain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 861-872.
    20. Awad, Afrah & Navarro, Helena & Ding, Yulong & Wen, Dongsheng, 2018. "Thermal-physical properties of nanoparticle-seeded nitrate molten salts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 275-288.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:4:p:1534-:d:753279. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.