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Earthquake Algorithm-Based Voltage Referenced MPPT Implementation through a Standardized Validation Frame

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandro Ortiz

    (School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico)

  • Efrain Mendez

    (School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
    Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA)

  • Israel Macias

    (School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico)

  • Arturo Molina

    (Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico)

Abstract

This paper presents a new direct maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with a reference voltage ( V r e f ) based on the metaheuristic earthquake algorithm (EA) where the optimization variable is the V r e f for hard-switching converters. The efficiency and performance of EA-MPPT- V r e f is compared with the perturb-and-observe (P&O) counterpart technique due to the fact that it is widely used for commercial products. Static and dynamic responses for both MPPT strategies are evaluated, which correspond to steady-state oscillations when they are near the maximum power point (MPP), and the tracking-speed, respectively. The efficiency was evaluated with the EN 50530 standard. The results show that the new MPPT proposed is a competitive method using the EA to obtain the optimal voltage reference. From static results, EA-MPPT VP presented a better efficiency of 5.13% and 3.23% for European and California energy commission (CEC) efficiency, respectively. Whereas, from dynamic results, MPPT- V r e f techniques presented an efficiency from 95.13% to 99.91%, and 99.01% to 99.91% of the total power of the PV system for P&O and EA strategies, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandro Ortiz & Efrain Mendez & Israel Macias & Arturo Molina, 2022. "Earthquake Algorithm-Based Voltage Referenced MPPT Implementation through a Standardized Validation Frame," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:23:p:8971-:d:985835
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    MPPT; FPGA; DC-DC converter;
    All these keywords.

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