IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i18p6525-d908762.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relay Protection and Automation Algorithms of Electrical Networks Based on Simulation and Machine Learning Methods

Author

Listed:
  • Aleksandr Kulikov

    (Department of Electric Power Engineering, Power Supply and Power Electronics, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Minin st., 24, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia)

  • Anton Loskutov

    (Department of Electric Power Engineering, Power Supply and Power Electronics, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Minin st., 24, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia)

  • Dmitriy Bezdushniy

    (Department of Electric Power Engineering, Power Supply and Power Electronics, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Minin st., 24, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia)

Abstract

The tendencies and perspective directions of development of modern digital devices of relay protection and automation (RPA) are considered. One of the promising ways to develop protection and control systems is the development of fundamentally new algorithms for recognizing emergency modes. They work in accordance with the triggering rule, which is formed after processing the results of model experiments. These algorithms are able to simultaneously control a large number of features or mode parameters (current, voltage, resistance, phase, etc.). Thus, the algorithms are multidimensional. This approach in RPA becomes available since the computing power of modern processors is quite enough to process the required amount of statistical data on the parameters of possible normal and emergency operation modes of electrical network sections. The application of classical machine learning algorithms in RPA tasks is analyzed, in particular, methods of k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, and support vectors. The use of specialized trainable triggering elements is studied both for building new protections and for improving the sophistication of traditional types of relay protection devices. The developed triggering elements of the multi-parameter RPA contribute to an increase in the sensitivity and recognition of accidents. The proposed methods for recognizing emergency modes are appropriate for implementation in intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) of digital substations.

Suggested Citation

  • Aleksandr Kulikov & Anton Loskutov & Dmitriy Bezdushniy, 2022. "Relay Protection and Automation Algorithms of Electrical Networks Based on Simulation and Machine Learning Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:18:p:6525-:d:908762
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6525/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6525/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Razavi, Seyed-Ehsan & Rahimi, Ehsan & Javadi, Mohammad Sadegh & Nezhad, Ali Esmaeel & Lotfi, Mohamed & Shafie-khah, Miadreza & Catalão, João P.S., 2019. "Impact of distributed generation on protection and voltage regulation of distribution systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 157-167.
    2. Olga Akhmedova & Anatoliy Soshinov & Farit Gazizov & Svetlana Ilyashenko, 2021. "Development of an Intelligent System for Distance Relay Protection with Adaptive Algorithms for Determining the Operation Setpoints," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Tahir Khurshaid & Abdul Wadood & Saeid Gholami Frakoush & Tae-Hwan Kim & Ki-Chai Kim & Sang-Bong Rhee, 2022. "Optimal Allocation of Directional Relay for Efficient Energy Optimization in a Radial Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-17, June.
    4. Aushiq Ali Memon & Kimmo Kauhaniemi, 2020. "An Adaptive Protection for Radial AC Microgrid Using IEC 61850 Communication Standard: Algorithm Proposal Using Offline Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-31, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Aleksandr Kulikov & Anton Loskutov & Dmitriy Bezdushniy & Ilya Petrov, 2023. "Decision Tree Models and Machine Learning Algorithms in the Fault Recognition on Power Lines with Branches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Yasar Beyazit Yoldas & Recep Yumurtacı, 2023. "Improvement of Distance Protection with SVM on PV-Fed Transmission Lines in Infeed Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Ali Vafadar & Maryam A. Hejazi & Hamed Hashemi-Dezaki & Negin Mohagheghi, 2023. "Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks Using Smart Selection of Short Circuit Voltage-Based Relay Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-18, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jihed Hmad & Azeddine Houari & Allal El Moubarek Bouzid & Abdelhakim Saim & Hafedh Trabelsi, 2023. "A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-41, June.
    2. Ahmed Y. Hatata & Mohamed A. Essa & Bishoy E. Sedhom, 2022. "Implementation and Design of FREEDM System Differential Protection Method Based on Internet of Things," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-24, August.
    3. Murillo Cobe Vargas & Oureste Elias Batista & Yongheng Yang, 2023. "Estimation Method of Short-Circuit Current Contribution of Inverter-Based Resources for Symmetrical Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-27, March.
    4. Azeredo, Lucas F.S. & Yahyaoui, Imene & Fiorotti, Rodrigo & Fardin, Jussara F. & Garcia-Pereira, Hilel & Rocha, Helder R.O., 2023. "Study of reducing losses, short-circuit currents and harmonics by allocation of distributed generation, capacitor banks and fault current limiters in distribution grids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    5. Peng Tian & Zetao Li & Zhenghang Hao, 2019. "A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Adaptive Control Strategy and Coordination Technology Compatible with Feeder Automation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-21, November.
    6. Angelo Lunardi & Eliomar R. Conde D & Jefferson de Assis & Darlan A. Fernandes & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho, 2021. "Model Predictive Control with Modulator Applied to Grid Inverter under Voltage Distorted," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-13, August.
    7. Yassir Maataoui & Hamid Chekenbah & Omar Boutfarjoute & Vicenç Puig & Rafik Lasri, 2023. "A Coordinated Voltage Regulation Algorithm of a Power Distribution Grid with Multiple Photovoltaic Distributed Generators Based on Active Power Curtailment and On-Line Tap Changer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-17, July.
    8. Pereira, Luan D.L. & Yahyaoui, Imene & Fiorotti, Rodrigo & de Menezes, Luíza S. & Fardin, Jussara F. & Rocha, Helder R.O. & Tadeo, Fernando, 2022. "Optimal allocation of distributed generation and capacitor banks using probabilistic generation models with correlations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    9. Wang, Yi & Von Krannichfeldt, Leandro & Zufferey, Thierry & Toubeau, Jean-François, 2021. "Short-term nodal voltage forecasting for power distribution grids: An ensemble learning approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    10. Shobole, Abdulfetah Abdela & Wadi, Mohammed, 2021. "Multiagent systems application for the smart grid protection," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    11. Konstantinos Kotsalos & Ismael Miranda & Jose Luis Dominguez-Garcia & Helder Leite & Nuno Silva & Nikos Hatziargyriou, 2020. "Exploiting OLTC and BESS Operation Coordinated with Active Network Management in LV Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-25, April.
    12. Cem Haydaroğlu & Bilal Gümüş, 2022. "Fault Detection in Distribution Network with the Cauchy-M Estimate—RVFLN Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.
    13. Umer Ehsan & Muhammad Jawad & Umar Javed & Khurram Shabih Zaidi & Ateeq Ur Rehman & Anton Rassõlkin & Maha M. Althobaiti & Habib Hamam & Muhammad Shafiq, 2021. "A Detailed Testing Procedure of Numerical Differential Protection Relay for EHV Auto Transformer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.
    14. Angelo Lunardi & Eliomar R. Conde D. & Renato M. Monaro & Darlan A. Fernandes & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho, 2022. "Robust Predictive Control with Three-Vector Modulation Connected to the Power Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, March.
    15. Soon-Ryul Nam & Woong-Hie Ko & Sopheap Key & Sang-Hee Kang & Nam-Ho Lee, 2021. "IEC 61850-Based Centralized Protection against Single Line-To-Ground Faults in Ungrounded Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, January.
    16. Marius Fișcă & Mihail Abrudean & Vlad Mureșan & Iulia Clitan & Mihaela-Ligia Ungureșan & Roxana Motorga & Emilian Ceuca, 2022. "Modeling and Simulation of High Voltage Power Lines under Transient and Persistent Faults," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-28, December.
    17. Adam Dyśko & Dimitrios Tzelepis, 2022. "Protection of Future Electricity Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-2, January.
    18. Zhang, Jianhua & Ballas, Dimitris & Liu, Xiaolong, 2023. "Neighbourhood-level spatial determinants of residential solar photovoltaic adoption in the Netherlands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1239-1248.
    19. Zabihinia Gerdroodbari, Yasin & Khorasany, Mohsen & Razzaghi, Reza, 2022. "Dynamic PQ Operating Envelopes for prosumers in distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    20. Rani, Preeti & Parkash, Ved & Sharma, Naveen Kumar, 2024. "Technological aspects, utilization and impact on power system for distributed generation: A comprehensive survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:18:p:6525-:d:908762. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.