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Performance Analysis and Optimization of a Cooling System for Hybrid Solar Panels Based on Climatic Conditions of Islamabad, Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Mariyam Sattar

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Rehman

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Naseem Ahmad

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • AlSharef Mohammad

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Al-Hawiyah, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia)

  • Ahmad Aziz Al Ahmadi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Al-Hawiyah, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia)

  • Nasim Ullah

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Al-Hawiyah, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The unconvertible portion of incident radiation on solar panels causes an increase in their temperature and a decrease in efficiency due to the negative temperature coefficient of the maximum power. This problem is dealt with through the use of cooling systems to lower the temperature of photovoltaic (PV) panels. However, the developments are focused on the loss of efficiency or extract the heat out of the solar panel, rather than optimizing the solution to produce a net gain in the electric power output. Therefore, this study proposes the analytical model for the cell temperature, irradiance and design of absorbers. Furthermore, the cooling systems for the hybrid solar panels were developed through analytical modeling of the solar cell temperature behavior and heat exchange between the fluid and back surface of the PV module in MATLAB. The design parameters such as mass flow rate, input power, solar cell temperature, velocity, height, number of passes and maximum power output were optimized through a multi-objective, multivariable optimization algorithm to produce a net gain in the electrical power. Three layouts of heat absorbers were considered—i.e., single-pass ducts, multi-pass ducts, and tube-type heat absorbers. Water was selected as a cooling medium in the three layouts. The optimized results were achieved for the multi-pass duct with 31 passes that delivered a maximum power output of 186.713 W at a mass flow rate of 0.14 kg/s. The maximum cell temperature achieved for this configuration was 38.810 °C at a velocity of 0.092 m/s. The results from the analytical modeling were validated through two-way fluid-solid interaction simulations using ANSYS fluent and thermal modules. Analyses revealed that the multi-pass heat absorber reduces the cell temperature with the least input power and lowest fluid mass flow rate to produce the highest power output in the hybrid PV system.

Suggested Citation

  • Mariyam Sattar & Abdul Rehman & Naseem Ahmad & AlSharef Mohammad & Ahmad Aziz Al Ahmadi & Nasim Ullah, 2022. "Performance Analysis and Optimization of a Cooling System for Hybrid Solar Panels Based on Climatic Conditions of Islamabad, Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6278-:d:900156
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Osma-Pinto, German & Ordóñez-Plata, Gabriel, 2020. "Dynamic thermal modelling for the prediction of the operating temperature of a PV panel with an integrated cooling system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 1041-1054.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anis Ahmad Sher & Naseem Ahmad & Mariyam Sattar & Usman Ghafoor & Umer Hameed Shah, 2023. "Effect of Various Dusts and Humidity on the Performance of Renewable Energy Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Tarek Ibrahim & Mohamad Abou Akrouch & Farouk Hachem & Mohamad Ramadan & Haitham S. Ramadan & Mahmoud Khaled, 2024. "Cooling Techniques for Enhanced Efficiency of Photovoltaic Panels—Comparative Analysis with Environmental and Economic Insights," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-32, February.
    3. Małgorzata Jastrzębska, 2022. "Installation’s Conception in the Field of Renewable Energy Sources for the Needs of the Silesian Botanical Garden," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-28, September.
    4. Ehsanolah Assareh & Masoud Jafarian & Mojtaba Nedaei & Mohammad Firoozzadeh & Moonyong Lee, 2022. "Performance Evaluation and Optimization of a Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System according to Climatic Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.

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