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Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs

Author

Listed:
  • Jae Woo Ko

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Hae Lim Cha

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • David Kwang-Soon Kim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Jong Rok Lim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Gyu Gwang Kim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Byeong Gwan Bhang

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Chang Sub Won

    (Power Conversion R&D Center, LS IS Co., Ltd., LS-ro 116 beon-gil 40, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si 14118, Gyeonggi-do, Korea)

  • Han Sang Jung

    (Water Facility Research Center, K-Water Institute (KWI), 125, 1689 beon-gil, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34045, Korea)

  • Dong Hyung Kang

    (Operation & Management Team, K-Water Institute (KWI), K-Water Hapcheon Dam Office, 705, Hapcheonhosu-ro, Yongju-myeon, Hapcheon-gun 50215, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea)

  • Hyung Keun Ahn

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

Abstract

Underwater grounding methods could be applied in deep water for grounding a floating PV (photovoltaic) system. However, the depth at which the electrodes should be located is a controversial subject. In this study, grounding resistance was measured for the first time by analyzing the water temperature at different water depths in an area where a floating PV system is installed. The theoretical calculation of the grounding resistance has a maximum error range of 8% compared to the experimentally measured data. In order to meet the electrical safety standards of a floating PV system, a number of electrodes were connected in parallel. In addition, the distance between electrodes and number of electrodes were considered in the test to obtain a formula for the grounding resistance. In addition, the coefficient of corrosion was obtained from an electrode installed underwater a year ago, and it was added to the formula. Through this analysis, it is possible to predict the grounding resistance prior to installing the floating PV system. Furthermore, the electrical safety of the floating PV system could be achieved by considering the seasonal changes in water temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • Jae Woo Ko & Hae Lim Cha & David Kwang-Soon Kim & Jong Rok Lim & Gyu Gwang Kim & Byeong Gwan Bhang & Chang Sub Won & Han Sang Jung & Dong Hyung Kang & Hyung Keun Ahn, 2017. "Safety Analysis of Grounding Resistance with Depth of Water for Floating PVs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:9:p:1304-:d:110518
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ferrer-Gisbert, Carlos & Ferrán-Gozálvez, José J. & Redón-Santafé, Miguel & Ferrer-Gisbert, Pablo & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco J. & Torregrosa-Soler, Juan Bautista, 2013. "A new photovoltaic floating cover system for water reservoirs," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 63-70.
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    4. Trapani, Kim & Millar, Dean L. & Smith, Helen C.M., 2013. "Novel offshore application of photovoltaics in comparison to conventional marine renewable energy technologies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 879-888.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xing Li & Fan Yang & Julan Ming & Ammad Jadoon & Sheng Han, 2018. "Imaging the Corrosion in Grounding Grid Branch with Inner-Source Electrical Impedance Tomography," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Byeong Gwan Bhang & Gyu Gwang Kim & Hae Lim Cha & David Kwangsoon Kim & Jin Ho Choi & So Young Park & Hyung Keun Ahn, 2018. "Design Methods of Underwater Grounding Electrode Array by Considering Inter-Electrode Interference for Floating PVs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.

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