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Grid-Forming Converters for Stability Issues in Future Power Grids

Author

Listed:
  • Shahid Aziz Khan

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA)

  • Mengqi Wang

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA)

  • Wencong Su

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA)

  • Guanliang Liu

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA)

  • Shivam Chaturvedi

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA)

Abstract

Historically, the power system has relied on synchronous generators (SGs) to provide inertia and maintain grid stability. However, because of the increased integration of power-electronics-interfaced renewable energy sources, the grid’s stability has been challenged in the last decade due to a lack of inertia. Currently, the system predominantly uses grid-following (GFL) converters, built on the assumption that inertial sources regulate the system stability. Such an assumption does not hold for the low-inertia grids of the future. Grid-forming (GFM) converters, which mimic the traditional synchronous machinery’s functionalities, have been identified as a potential solution to support the low-inertia grids. The performance analysis of GFM converters for small-signal instability can be found in the literature, but large-signal instability is still an open research question. Moreover, various topologies and configurations of GFM converters have been proposed. Still, no comparative study combining all GFC configurations from the perspective of large-signal stability issues can be found. This paper combines and compares all the existing GFM control schemes from the perspective of large-signal stability issues to pave the way for future research and development of GFM converters for large-signal stability analysis and stabilization of the future low-inertia grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Shahid Aziz Khan & Mengqi Wang & Wencong Su & Guanliang Liu & Shivam Chaturvedi, 2022. "Grid-Forming Converters for Stability Issues in Future Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:14:p:4937-:d:856591
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Md Alamgir Hossain & Hemanshu Roy Pota & Walid Issa & Md Jahangir Hossain, 2017. "Overview of AC Microgrid Controls with Inverter-Interfaced Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-27, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sara Anttila & Jéssica S. Döhler & Janaína G. Oliveira & Cecilia Boström, 2022. "Grid Forming Inverters: A Review of the State of the Art of Key Elements for Microgrid Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-30, July.
    2. Adam Muc & Jan Iwaszkiewicz, 2022. "Active Filtering of Inverter Output Waveforms Based on Orthogonal Space Vector Theory," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, October.

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