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A Brief Review of Gas Migration in Oilwell Cement Slurries

Author

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  • Chengcheng Tao

    (National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U. S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P. O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA)

  • Eilis Rosenbaum

    (National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U. S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P. O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA)

  • Barbara G. Kutchko

    (National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U. S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P. O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA)

  • Mehrdad Massoudi

    (National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U. S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P. O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA)

Abstract

Gas migration in oil and gas wells is defined as gases and/or fluids from adjacent formations invading a freshly cemented annulus. During well completions, gas and/or fluids can migrate to zones with lower pressure or even to the surface. Static gel strength (SGS), related to the yield stress of the cement, is a widely accepted measurement used to predict and minimize gas migration. In this review article, we look at the mechanisms and some possible solutions to gas migration during oil and gas well cementing. The use of static gel strength (SGS) and experimental measurements for SGS and wellbore pressure reduction are discussed. Rheological properties, including the yield stress and the viscosity of cement slurries, are also briefly discussed. Understanding the rheological properties of cement is complex since its material properties depend on cement type, as well as the shape and size distribution of cement particles. From this brief review, it is evident that in order to reduce free water and settling of the cement particles, to lower fluid loss, and to develop compressive strength in the early stages of cementing, an optimal cement slurry design is needed. The SGS test is a standard method used in estimating the free water in the well and could be a reference for gas migration reduction for oilwell cement slurries.

Suggested Citation

  • Chengcheng Tao & Eilis Rosenbaum & Barbara G. Kutchko & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2021. "A Brief Review of Gas Migration in Oilwell Cement Slurries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2369-:d:541327
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chengcheng Tao & Barbara G. Kutchko & Eilis Rosenbaum & Wei-Tao Wu & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2019. "Steady Flow of a Cement Slurry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-25, July.
    2. Chengcheng Tao & Barbara G. Kutchko & Eilis Rosenbaum & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2020. "A Review of Rheological Modeling of Cement Slurry in Oil Well Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-55, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Timotheus K. T. Wolterbeek & Suzanne J. T. Hangx, 2021. "Remediation of Annular Gas Migration along Cemented Wellbores Using Reactive Mineral Fluids: Experimental Assessment of Sodium Bicarbonate and Sodium Silicate-Based Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Marcin Kremieniewski & Rafał Wiśniowski & Stanisław Stryczek & Grzegorz Orłowicz, 2021. "Possibilities of Limiting Migration of Natural Gas in Boreholes in the Context of Laboratory Studies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.
    3. Kunhong Lv & Hao Huang & Xingqiang Zhong & Yian Tong & Xingjie Ling & Qiao Deng, 2021. "A Prediction Model of Pressure Loss of Cement Slurry in Deep-Water HTHP Directional Wells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Hao Wang & Hui Zhang & Jun Li & Anming Chen & Jun Liu & Tengfei Sun & Cong Lin, 2021. "Study on Annular Pressure Buildup in Offshore Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Wells Considering Dissolved Gas Contained in Annuli," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, May.

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