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Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City

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  • Marianna Jacyna

    (Faculty of Transport, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75 Street, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Renata Żochowska

    (Department of Transport Systems, Traffic Engineering, and Logistics, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland)

  • Aleksander Sobota

    (Department of Transport Systems, Traffic Engineering, and Logistics, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Street, 40-019 Katowice, Poland)

  • Mariusz Wasiak

    (Faculty of Transport, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75 Street, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are being introduced and the introduction of low-emission measures, including electric ones, is being promoted. This paper presents a method for scenario analysis applied to study the reduction of exhaust emissions by introducing electric vehicles in a selected city. The original scenario analyses relating to real problems faced by contemporary metropolitan areas are based on the VISUM tool (PTV Headquarters for Europe: PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany). For the case study, the transport model of the city of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was used to conduct experiments with different forms of participation of electric vehicles on the one hand and traffic restrictions for high emission vehicles on the other hand. Scenario analyses were conducted for various constraint options including inbound, outbound, and through traffic. Travel time for specific transport relations and the volume of harmful emissions were used as criteria for evaluating scenarios of limited accessibility to city zones for selected types of vehicles. The comparative analyses carried out showed that the introduction of electric vehicles in the inner city resulted in a significant reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust compounds and, consequently, in an increase in the area of clean air in the city. The case study and its results provide some valuable insights and may guide decision-makers in their actions to introduce both driving ban restrictions for high-emission vehicles and incentives for the use of electric vehicles for city residents.

Suggested Citation

  • Marianna Jacyna & Renata Żochowska & Aleksander Sobota & Mariusz Wasiak, 2021. "Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-33, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:7:p:2030-:d:531144
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