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Assessment of Cow Dung Pellets as a Renewable Solid Fuel in Direct Combustion Technologies

Author

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  • Aneta Szymajda

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland)

  • Grażyna Łaska

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland)

  • Magdalena Joka

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland)

Abstract

Recently, biomass application as a renewable energy source is increasing worldwide. However, its availability differs in dependence on the location and climate, therefore, agricultural residues as cow dung (CD) are being considered to supply heat and/or power installation. This paper aims at a wide evaluation of CD fuel properties and its prospect to apply in the form of pellets to direct combustion installations. Therefore, the proximate, ultimate composition and calorific value were analyzed, then pelletization and combustion tests were performed, and the ash characteristics were tested. It was found that CD is a promising source of bioenergy in terms of LHV (16.34 MJ·kg −1 ), carbon (44.24%), and fixed carbon (18.33%) content. During pelletization, CD showed high compaction properties and at a moisture content of 18%,and the received pellets’ bulk density reached ca. 470 kg·m −3 with kinetic durability of 98.7%. While combustion, in a fixed grate 25 kW boiler, high emissions of CO, SO 2 , NO, and HCl were observed. The future energy sector might be based on biomass and this work shows a novel approach of CD pellets as a potential source of renewable energy available wherever cattle production is located.

Suggested Citation

  • Aneta Szymajda & Grażyna Łaska & Magdalena Joka, 2021. "Assessment of Cow Dung Pellets as a Renewable Solid Fuel in Direct Combustion Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1192-:d:504127
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Eunhye Song & Seyong Park & Seongkuk Han & Eusil Lee & Ho Kim, 2022. "Characteristics of Hydrothermal Carbonization Hydrochar Derived from Cattle Manure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Mahmoud G. Hemeida & Ashraf M. Hemeida & Tomonobu Senjyu & Dina Osheba, 2022. "Renewable Energy Resources Technologies and Life Cycle Assessment: Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-36, December.
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    5. Sławomir Obidziński & Magdalena Joka Yildiz & Sebastian Dąbrowski & Jan Jasiński & Wojciech Czekała, 2022. "Application of Post-Flotation Dairy Sludge in the Production of Wood Pellets: Pelletization and Combustion Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-19, December.
    6. David Muñoz-Rodríguez & Pilar Aparicio-Martínez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "Contribution of Agroforestry Biomass Valorisation to Energy and Environmental Sustainability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-7, November.
    7. Ewa Szatyłowicz & Wojciech Walendziuk, 2021. "Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content in Ash from Solid Fuel Combustion in Low-Power Boilers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-17, October.
    8. Grażyna Łaska & Ayodeji Raphael Ige, 2023. "A Review: Assessment of Domestic Solid Fuel Sources in Nigeria," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-20, June.
    9. Izabella Maj & Sylwester Kalisz & Szymon Ciukaj, 2022. "Properties of Animal-Origin Ash—A Valuable Material for Circular Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.

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