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Delignification of Cistus ladanifer Biomass by Organosolv and Alkali Processes

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  • Júnia Alves-Ferreira

    (LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
    CEBAL-Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal
    CEF-Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
    MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development/CEBAL-Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo, Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal)

  • Ana Lourenço

    (CEF-Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Francisca Morgado

    (LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Luís C. Duarte

    (LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Luísa B. Roseiro

    (LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Maria C. Fernandes

    (CEBAL-Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja), Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal
    MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development/CEBAL-Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo, Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal)

  • Helena Pereira

    (CEF-Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Florbela Carvalheiro

    (LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

Residues of Cistus ladanifer obtained after commercial steam distillation for essential oil production were evaluated to produce cellulose enriched solids and added-value lignin-derived compounds. The delignification of extracted (CLRext) and extracted and hydrothermally pretreated biomass (CLRtreat) was studied using two organosolv processes, ethanol/water mixtures (EO), and alkali-catalyzed glycerol (AGO), and by an alkali (sodium hydroxide) process (ASP) under different reaction conditions. The phenolic composition of soluble lignin was determined by capillary zone electrophoresis and by Py-GC/MS, which was also used to establish the monomeric composition of both the delignified solids and isolated lignin. The enzymatic saccharification of the delignified solids was also evaluated. The ASP (4% NaOH, 2 h) lead to both the highest delignification and enzymatic saccharification (87% and 79%, respectively). A delignification of 76% and enzymatic hydrolysis yields of 72% were obtained for AGO (4% NaOH) while EO processes led to lower delignification (maximum lignin removal 29%). The residual lignin in the delignified solids were enriched in G- and H-units, with S-units being preferentially removed. The main phenolics present in the ASP and AGO liquors were vanillic acid and epicatechin, while gallic acid was the main phenolic in the EO liquors. The results showed that C. ladanifer residues can be a biomass source for the production of lignin-derivatives and glucan-rich solids to be further used in bioconversion processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Júnia Alves-Ferreira & Ana Lourenço & Francisca Morgado & Luís C. Duarte & Luísa B. Roseiro & Maria C. Fernandes & Helena Pereira & Florbela Carvalheiro, 2021. "Delignification of Cistus ladanifer Biomass by Organosolv and Alkali Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:4:p:1127-:d:502824
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jang, Soo-Kyeong & Kim, Ho-Yong & Jeong, Han-Seob & Kim, Jae-Young & Yeo, Hwanmyeong & Choi, In-Gyu, 2016. "Effect of ethanol organosolv pretreatment factors on enzymatic digestibility and ethanol organosolv lignin structure from Liriodendron tulipifera in specific combined severity factors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 599-606.
    2. Chen, Hongmei & Zhao, Jia & Hu, Tianhang & Zhao, Xuebing & Liu, Dehua, 2015. "A comparison of several organosolv pretreatments for improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw: Substrate digestibility, fermentability and structural features," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 224-232.
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    Cited by:

    1. Júnia Alves-Ferreira & Luís C. Duarte & Maria C. Fernandes & Helena Pereira & Florbela Carvalheiro, 2022. "Cistus ladanifer as a Potential Feedstock for Biorefineries: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Eulogio Castro & Inmaculada Romero, 2021. "Biorefinery Based on Waste Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-3, December.

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