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Prediction of Stirling-Cycle-Based Heat Pump Performance and Environmental Footprint with Exergy Analysis and LCA

Author

Listed:
  • Umara Khan

    (Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Ron Zevenhoven

    (Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland)

  • Lydia Stougie

    (Department of Engineering Systems and Services, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands)

  • Tor-Martin Tveit

    (Olvondo Technology, 3080 Holmestrand, Norway)

Abstract

The use of Stirling-cycle-based heat pumps in high-temperature applications and waste heat recovery at an industrial scale is of increasing interest due to the promising role in producing thermal energy with zero CO 2 emissions. This paper analyzes one such technology as developed by Olvondo Technology and installed at the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca in Sweden. In this application, the heat pump used roughly equal amounts of waste heat and electricity and generated 500 kW of steam at 10 bar. To develop and widen the use of a high-performance high-temperature heat pump that is both economically and environmentally viable and attractive, various analysis tools such as exergy analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) can be combined. The total cumulative exergy loss (TCExL) method used in this study determines total exergy losses caused throughout the life cycle of the heat pump. Moreover, an LCA study using SimaPro was conducted, which provides insight into the different emissions and the overall environmental footprint resulting from the construction, operation (for example, 1, 8, and 15 years), and decommissioning phases of the heat pump. The combined results were compared with those of a fossil fuel oil boiler (OB), a bio-oil boiler (BOB), a natural gas-fired boiler (NGB), and a biogas boiler (BGB).

Suggested Citation

  • Umara Khan & Ron Zevenhoven & Lydia Stougie & Tor-Martin Tveit, 2021. "Prediction of Stirling-Cycle-Based Heat Pump Performance and Environmental Footprint with Exergy Analysis and LCA," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8478-:d:703214
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anna Lewandowska & Przemysław Kurczewski & Katarzyna Joachimiak-Lechman & Marek Zabłocki, 2021. "Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Refrigerator Modelled with Application of Various Electricity Mixes and Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Maria João Regufe & Ana Pereira & Alexandre F. P. Ferreira & Ana Mafalda Ribeiro & Alírio E. Rodrigues, 2021. "Current Developments of Carbon Capture Storage and/or Utilization–Looking for Net-Zero Emissions Defined in the Paris Agreement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-26, April.
    3. Umara Khan & Ron Zevenhoven & Tor-Martin Tveit, 2020. "Evaluation of the Environmental Sustainability of a Stirling Cycle-Based Heat Pump Using LCA," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fateh Bouchaala & Mohammed Y. Ali & Jun Matsushima & Youcef Bouzidi & Mohammed S. Jouini & Eric M. Takougang & Aala A. Mohamed, 2022. "Estimation of Seismic Wave Attenuation from 3D Seismic Data: A Case Study of OBC Data Acquired in an Offshore Oilfield," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Zevenhoven, Ron, 2021. "Engineering thermodynamics and sustainability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).

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