IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i23p8017-d692492.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming MMC-HVDC Transmission Connected to Legacy Power Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Luís F. N. Lourenço

    (Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes L2S, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
    Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

  • Filipe Perez

    (Power Systems Group, Lactec Institute, rodovia BR-116, 8813, Jardim das Americas, Curitiba 80215-090, Brazil)

  • Alessio Iovine

    (Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes L2S, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, 3, rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France)

  • Gilney Damm

    (COSYS-LISIS, Université Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, 77447 Marne-la-Vallée, France)

  • Renato M. Monaro

    (Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

  • Maurício B. C. Salles

    (Laboratory of Advanced Electric Grids LGrid, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 158 Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Saint Paul 05508-010, Brazil)

Abstract

The power system is going through a change in its very foundations. More and more power converters are being integrated into the electric grid to interface renewable energy resources and in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission systems. This article presents a discussion on the stability of power systems when HVDC transmission systems based on modular multilevel converters (MMC) are connected in grid-forming (GFM) mode to the legacy power system using concepts of energy functions and Lyapunov stability theory and considering aspects of the interoperability between GFM converter technologies. As a base for the stability analysis, we review the main GFM converter technologies (droop and virtual synchronous machine), highlighting their differences. Then, we present a model using the center-of-inertia formulation for a multi-machine/multi-GFM converter power system representing a close future scenario of power systems where GFM converters might adopt different technologies. To illustrate the theoretical Lyapunov-based stability analysis, simulations performed in Matlab/Simulink showed the behavior of a 12-bus test system during a frequency disturbance that originated from the sudden connection of a load. To reflect the interoperability of different GFM technologies and the power system, scenarios with one single GFM technology and a scenario with mixed technologies were investigated. For the test system considered, the frequency response with fewer oscillations and a higher frequency nadir was obtained when all GFM converters were operated as VSMs that have a higher inertial response contribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Luís F. N. Lourenço & Filipe Perez & Alessio Iovine & Gilney Damm & Renato M. Monaro & Maurício B. C. Salles, 2021. "Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming MMC-HVDC Transmission Connected to Legacy Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8017-:d:692492
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/23/8017/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/23/8017/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shangen Tian & David Campos-Gaona & Vinícius A. Lacerda & Raymundo E. Torres-Olguin & Olimpo Anaya-Lara, 2020. "Novel Control Approach for a Hybrid Grid-Forming HVDC Offshore Transmission System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Vandoorn, T.L. & De Kooning, J.D.M. & Meersman, B. & Vandevelde, L., 2013. "Review of primary control strategies for islanded microgrids with power-electronic interfaces," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 613-628.
    3. Lasantha Meegahapola & Alfeu Sguarezi & Jack Stanley Bryant & Mingchen Gu & Eliomar R. Conde D. & Rafael B. A. Cunha, 2020. "Power System Stability with Power-Electronic Converter Interfaced Renewable Power Generation: Present Issues and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-35, July.
    4. Saman Dadjo Tavakoli & Eduardo Prieto-Araujo & Enric Sánchez-Sánchez & Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt, 2020. "Interaction Assessment and Stability Analysis of the MMC-Based VSC-HVDC Link," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    5. Wenxia Liu & Dapeng Guo & Yahui Xu & Rui Cheng & Zhiqiang Wang & Yueqiao Li, 2018. "Reliability Assessment of Power Systems with Photovoltaic Power Stations Based on Intelligent State Space Reduction and Pseudo-Sequential Monte Carlo Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-14, June.
    6. Lasantha Meegahapola & Pierluigi Mancarella & Damian Flynn & Rodrigo Moreno, 2021. "Power system stability in the transition to a low carbon grid: A techno‐economic perspective on challenges and opportunities," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(5), September.
    7. Ali, Zunaib & Christofides, Nicholas & Hadjidemetriou, Lenos & Kyriakides, Elias & Yang, Yongheng & Blaabjerg, Frede, 2018. "Three-phase phase-locked loop synchronization algorithms for grid-connected renewable energy systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 434-452.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Luís F. Normandia Lourenço & Amira Louni & Gilney Damm & Mariana Netto & Monssef Drissi-Habti & Samuele Grillo & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho & Lasantha Meegahapola, 2022. "A Review on Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks for Wind Power Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Rodolfo Araneo & Salvatore Celozzi & Stefano Lauria & Erika Stracqualursi & Gianfranco Di Lorenzo & Marco Graziani, 2022. "Recent Trends in Power Systems Modeling and Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Ismail Aouichak & Sébastien Jacques & Sébastien Bissey & Cédric Reymond & Téo Besson & Jean-Charles Le Bunetel, 2022. "A Bidirectional Grid-Connected DC–AC Converter for Autonomous and Intelligent Electricity Storage in the Residential Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Angelo Lunardi & Luís F. Normandia Lourenço & Enkhtsetseg Munkhchuluun & Lasantha Meegahapola & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho, 2022. "Grid-Connected Power Converters: An Overview of Control Strategies for Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-33, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmed, Faraedoon & Al Kez, Dlzar & McLoone, Seán & Best, Robert James & Cameron, Ché & Foley, Aoife, 2023. "Dynamic grid stability in low carbon power systems with minimum inertia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 486-506.
    2. Angelo Lunardi & Luís F. Normandia Lourenço & Enkhtsetseg Munkhchuluun & Lasantha Meegahapola & Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho, 2022. "Grid-Connected Power Converters: An Overview of Control Strategies for Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-33, June.
    3. Jihed Hmad & Azeddine Houari & Allal El Moubarek Bouzid & Abdelhakim Saim & Hafedh Trabelsi, 2023. "A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-41, June.
    4. Davi-Arderius, Daniel & Schittekatte, Tim, 2023. "Carbon emissions impacts of operational network constraints: The case of Spain during the Covid-19 crisis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    5. Albert Poulose & Soobae Kim, 2023. "Transient Stability Analysis and Enhancement Techniques of Renewable-Rich Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-30, March.
    6. Rahman, Syed & Khan, Irfan Ahmed & Khan, Ashraf Ali & Mallik, Ayan & Nadeem, Muhammad Faisal, 2022. "Comprehensive review & impact analysis of integrating projected electric vehicle charging load to the existing low voltage distribution system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    7. Md Alamgir Hossain & Hemanshu Roy Pota & Walid Issa & Md Jahangir Hossain, 2017. "Overview of AC Microgrid Controls with Inverter-Interfaced Generations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-27, August.
    8. Lijun Xie & Fan Cheng & Jing Wu, 2022. "Control Strategy for Offshore Wind Farms with DC Collection System Based on Series-Connected Diode Rectifier," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, June.
    9. Giorgio M. Giannuzzi & Viktoriya Mostova & Cosimo Pisani & Salvatore Tessitore & Alfredo Vaccaro, 2022. "Enabling Technologies for Enhancing Power System Stability in the Presence of Converter-Interfaced Generators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-13, October.
    10. Miveh, Mohammad Reza & Rahmat, Mohd Fadli & Ghadimi, Ali Asghar & Mustafa, Mohd Wazir, 2016. "Control techniques for three-phase four-leg voltage source inverters in autonomous microgrids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1592-1610.
    11. Mohammed Alzubaidi & Kazi N. Hasan & Lasantha Meegahapola & Mir Toufikur Rahman, 2021. "Identification of Efficient Sampling Techniques for Probabilistic Voltage Stability Analysis of Renewable-Rich Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-15, April.
    12. Huaizhi Wang & Xian Zhang & Qing Li & Guibin Wang & Hui Jiang & Jianchun Peng, 2018. "Recursive Method for Distribution System Reliability Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-15, October.
    13. Feng, Wei & Jin, Ming & Liu, Xu & Bao, Yi & Marnay, Chris & Yao, Cheng & Yu, Jiancheng, 2018. "A review of microgrid development in the United States – A decade of progress on policies, demonstrations, controls, and software tools," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1656-1668.
    14. Duberney Murillo-Yarce & José Alarcón-Alarcón & Marco Rivera & Carlos Restrepo & Javier Muñoz & Carlos Baier & Patrick Wheeler, 2020. "A Review of Control Techniques in Photovoltaic Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-21, December.
    15. Mallol-Poyato, R. & Salcedo-Sanz, S. & Jiménez-Fernández, S. & Díaz-Villar, P., 2015. "Optimal discharge scheduling of energy storage systems in MicroGrids based on hyper-heuristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 13-24.
    16. Amjad Ali & Wuhua Li & Rashid Hussain & Xiangning He & Barry W. Williams & Abdul Hameed Memon, 2017. "Overview of Current Microgrid Policies, Incentives and Barriers in the European Union, United States and China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-28, June.
    17. Matheus Schramm Dall’Asta & Telles Brunelli Lazzarin, 2024. "A Review of Fast Power-Reserve Control Techniques in Grid-Connected Wind Energy Conversion Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-29, January.
    18. Ali M. Hakami & Kazi N. Hasan & Mohammed Alzubaidi & Manoj Datta, 2022. "A Review of Uncertainty Modelling Techniques for Probabilistic Stability Analysis of Renewable-Rich Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-26, December.
    19. Arul, P.G. & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Rajkumar, R.K., 2015. "Control strategies for a hybrid renewable energy system: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 597-608.
    20. Libor Dražan & René Križan & Miroslav Popela, 2021. "Design and Testing of a Low-Tech DEW Generator for Determining Electromagnetic Immunity of Standard Electronic Circuits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8017-:d:692492. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.