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Ground Fracture Development and Surface Fracture Evolution in N00 Method Shallowly Buried Thick Coal Seam Mining in an Arid Windy and Sandy Area: A Case Study of the Ningtiaota Mine (China)

Author

Listed:
  • Yaokun Fu

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Jianxuan Shang

    (Shannxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group, Xi’an 710054, China)

  • Zhenqi Hu

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
    School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China)

  • Pengyu Li

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Kun Yang

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Chao Chen

    (College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China)

  • Jiaxin Guo

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Dongzhu Yuan

    (Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

An observatory was established at the Ningtiaota Mine (China) in order to investigate the surface deformation pattern of N00 method workings mining in shallow buried thick coal seams in a windy-sand area. The observatory allows one to measure the coupling between the periodic changes of parameters related to ground subsidence and ground cracks with workings advancement. The data monitored in the field indicate that when the adjacent mining workings are mined below the ground, a sinkhole basin with a larger impact area will be formed. New ground fractures are formed above the mining area to connect with the fractures above the mining face. As a consequence a new pattern of “O” circle distribution beyond the working face is formed, which develops rapidly during the working face recovery. In addition, the dynamic fractures in coal mining are characterized by the phenomenon of self-healing. Our findings will help to protect the surface environment of the mine area during shallow buried high-intensity mining activities in the Lime Tower coal mine, and are also an important guideline in other windy beach mining areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Yaokun Fu & Jianxuan Shang & Zhenqi Hu & Pengyu Li & Kun Yang & Chao Chen & Jiaxin Guo & Dongzhu Yuan, 2021. "Ground Fracture Development and Surface Fracture Evolution in N00 Method Shallowly Buried Thick Coal Seam Mining in an Arid Windy and Sandy Area: A Case Study of the Ningtiaota Mine (China)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7712-:d:681510
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qiang Sun & Jixiong Zhang & Qiang Zhang & Xu Zhao, 2017. "Analysis and Prevention of Geo-Environmental Hazards with High-Intensive Coal Mining: A Case Study in China’s Western Eco-Environment Frangible Area," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Wei Zhang & Dong-Sheng Zhang & Li-Xin Wu & Hong-Zhi Wang, 2014. "On-Site Radon Detection of Mining-induced Fractures from Overlying Strata to the Surface: A Case Study of the Baoshan Coal Mine in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-25, December.
    3. Ximin Cui & Yongge Gao & Debao Yuan, 2014. "Sudden surface collapse disasters caused by shallow partial mining in Datong coalfield, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 911-929, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fan Zhang & Zhenqi Hu & Yusheng Liang & Quanzhi Li, 2023. "Evaluation of Surface Crack Development and Soil Damage Based on UAV Images of Coal Mining Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Yusheng Liang & Fan Zhang & Kun Yang & Zhenqi Hu, 2022. "A Surface Crack Damage Evaluation Method Based on Kernel Density Estimation for UAV Images," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    windy sandy area; N00 method; ground deformation; ground subsidence; ground fissures;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N00 - Economic History - - General - - - General

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