IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i21p7125-d669705.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Modeling, Controller Design and Simulation Groundwork on Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hybrid Power Unit

Author

Listed:
  • Matija Krznar

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Danijel Pavković

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Mihael Cipek

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Juraj Benić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Ivana Lučića 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

This paper presents the results of modeling, control system design and simulation verification of a hybrid-electric drive topology suitable for power flow control within unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The hybrid power system is based on the internal combustion engine (ICE) driving a brushless DC (BLDC) generator supplying the common DC bus used for power distribution within the aircraft. The overall control system features proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback control of the ICE rotational speed using a Luenberger estimator for engine-generator set rotational speed estimation. The BLDC generator active rectifier voltage and current are controlled by proportional-integral (PI) feedback controllers, augmented by estimator-based feed-forward load compensators. The overall control system design has been based on damping optimum criterion, which yields straightforward analytical expressions for controller and estimator parameters. The robustness to key process parameters variations is investigated by means of root-locus methodology, and the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid power unit control system is verified by means of comprehensive computer simulations.

Suggested Citation

  • Matija Krznar & Danijel Pavković & Mihael Cipek & Juraj Benić, 2021. "Modeling, Controller Design and Simulation Groundwork on Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hybrid Power Unit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7125-:d:669705
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7125/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7125/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cipek, Mihael & Kasać, Josip & Pavković, Danijel & Zorc, Davor, 2020. "A novel cascade approach to control variables optimisation for advanced series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle power-train," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    2. Boukoberine, Mohamed Nadir & Zhou, Zhibin & Benbouzid, Mohamed, 2019. "A critical review on unmanned aerial vehicles power supply and energy management: Solutions, strategies, and prospects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    3. Vadim Carev & Jan Roháč & Martin Šipoš & Michal Schmirler, 2021. "A Multilayer Brushless DC Motor for Heavy Lift Drones," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Danijel Pavković & Mihael Cipek & Zdenko Kljaić & Tomislav Josip Mlinarić & Mario Hrgetić & Davor Zorc, 2018. "Damping Optimum-Based Design of Control Strategy Suitable for Battery/Ultracapacitor Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-26, October.
    5. Yonas Zewdu Ayele & Mostafa Aliyari & David Griffiths & Enrique Lopez Droguett, 2020. "Automatic Crack Segmentation for UAV-Assisted Bridge Inspection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-16, November.
    6. Shouzhao Sheng & Chenwu Sun, 2016. "Control and Optimization of a Variable-Pitch Quadrotor with Minimum Power Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-18, March.
    7. Zoran Benic & Petar Piljek & Denis Kotarski, 2016. "Mathematical modelling of unmanned aerial vehicles with four rotors," Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems - scientific journal, Croatian Interdisciplinary Society Provider Homepage: http://indecs.eu, vol. 14(1), pages 88-100.
    8. Cipek, Mihael & Pavković, Danijel & Petrić, Joško, 2013. "A control-oriented simulation model of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 121-133.
    9. Matija Krznar & Petar Piljek & Denis Kotarski & Danijel Pavković, 2021. "Modeling, Control System Design and Preliminary Experimental Verification of a Hybrid Power Unit Suitable for Multirotor UAVs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, May.
    10. Tomasz Pajchrowski & Michał Krystkowiak & Dominik Matecki, 2021. "Modulation Variants in DC Circuits of Power Rectifier Systems with Improved Quality of Energy Conversion—Part I," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-18, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dileep Kumar & Surya Deo Choudhary & Md Tabrez & Afida Ayob & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu, 2022. "Model Antiseptic Control Scheme to Torque Ripple Mitigation for DC-DC Converter-Based BLDC Motor Drives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-24, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Danijel Pavković & Mihael Cipek & Filip Plavac & Juraj Karlušić & Matija Krznar, 2022. "Internal Combustion Engine Starting and Torque Boosting Control System Design with Vibration Active Damping Features for a P0 Mild Hybrid Vehicle Configuration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-24, February.
    2. Shi, Dehua & Liu, Sheng & Cai, Yingfeng & Wang, Shaohua & Li, Haoran & Chen, Long, 2021. "Pontryagin’s minimum principle based fuzzy adaptive energy management for hybrid electric vehicle using real-time traffic information," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    3. Marek Pawel Ciurys & Wieslaw Fiebig, 2021. "Experimental Investigation of a Double-Acting Vane Pump with Integrated Electric Drive," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-15, September.
    4. Somayeh Toghyani & Seyed Ali Atyabi & Xin Gao, 2021. "Enhancing the Specific Power of a PEM Fuel Cell Powered UAV with a Novel Bean-Shaped Flow Field," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-23, April.
    5. Zhang, Chaoyu & Zhang, Chengming & Li, Liyi & Guo, Qingbo, 2021. "Parameter analysis of power system for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    6. Chang, Huawei & Cai, Fengyang & Yu, Xianxian & Duan, Chen & Chan, Siew Hwa & Tu, Zhengkai, 2023. "Experimental study on the thermal management of an open-cathode air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with ultra-thin metal bipolar plates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    7. Li, Niansi & Liu, Xiaoyong & Yu, Bendong & Li, Liang & Xu, Jianqiang & Tan, Qiong, 2021. "Study on the environmental adaptability of lithium-ion battery powered UAV under extreme temperature conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    8. Yuan, Xinmei & Zhang, Chuanpu & Hong, Guokai & Huang, Xueqi & Li, Lili, 2017. "Method for evaluating the real-world driving energy consumptions of electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1955-1968.
    9. Danijel Pavković & Mihael Cipek & Zdenko Kljaić & Tomislav Josip Mlinarić & Mario Hrgetić & Davor Zorc, 2018. "Damping Optimum-Based Design of Control Strategy Suitable for Battery/Ultracapacitor Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-26, October.
    10. Anselma, Pier Giuseppe, 2022. "Computationally efficient evaluation of fuel and electrical energy economy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with smooth driving constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    11. Collins, Jeffrey M. & McLarty, Dustin, 2020. "All-electric commercial aviation with solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine-battery hybrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    12. Ruslan Saifulin & Tomasz Pajchrowski & Iosiff Breido, 2021. "A Buffer Power Source Based on a Supercapacitor for Starting an Induction Motor under Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-19, August.
    13. Bedatri Moulik & Dirk Söffker, 2015. "Optimal Rule-Based Power Management for Online, Real-Time Applications in HEVs with Multiple Sources and Objectives: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-15, August.
    14. Jure Soldo & Branimir Škugor & Joško Deur, 2019. "Synthesis of Optimal Battery State-of-Charge Trajectory for Blended Regime of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Presence of Low-Emission Zones and Varying Road Grades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-21, November.
    15. Massimiliano Passalacqua & Mauro Carpita & Serge Gavin & Mario Marchesoni & Matteo Repetto & Luis Vaccaro & Sébastien Wasterlain, 2019. "Supercapacitor Storage Sizing Analysis for a Series Hybrid Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, May.
    16. Zhou, Kehan & Liu, Zhiwei & Zhang, Xin & Liu, Hang & Meng, Nan & Huang, Jianmei & Qi, Mingjing & Song, Xizhen & Yan, Xiaojun, 2022. "A kW-level integrated propulsion system for UAV powered by PEMFC with inclined cathode flow structure design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    17. Matija Krznar & Petar Piljek & Denis Kotarski & Danijel Pavković, 2021. "Modeling, Control System Design and Preliminary Experimental Verification of a Hybrid Power Unit Suitable for Multirotor UAVs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, May.
    18. Alicia Triviño & José M. González-González & José A. Aguado, 2021. "Wireless Power Transfer Technologies Applied to Electric Vehicles: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
    19. Gurunadh Velidi & Chun Sang Yoo, 2023. "A Review on Flame Stabilization Technologies for UAV Engine Micro-Meso Scale Combustors: Progress and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-44, May.
    20. Bedatri Moulik & Dirk Söffker, 2016. "Online Power Management with Embedded Offline-Optimized Parameters for a Three-Source Hybrid Powertrain with an Experimental Emulation Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-33, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:21:p:7125-:d:669705. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.