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Wind Turbine Tower Deformation Measurement Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning on a 3.4 MW Wind Turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Paula Helming

    (Bremen Institute for Metrology, Automation and Quality Science, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany)

  • Axel von Freyberg

    (Bremen Institute for Metrology, Automation and Quality Science, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany)

  • Michael Sorg

    (Bremen Institute for Metrology, Automation and Quality Science, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany)

  • Andreas Fischer

    (Bremen Institute for Metrology, Automation and Quality Science, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany)

Abstract

Wind turbine plants have grown in size in recent years, making an efficient structural health monitoring of all of their structures ever more important. Wind turbine towers deform elastically under the loads applied to them by wind and inertial forces acting on the rotating rotor blades. In order to properly analyze these deformations, an earthbound system is desirable that can measure the tower’s movement in two directions from a large measurement working distance of over 150 m and a single location. To achieve this, a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in line-scanning mode with horizontal alignment was applied to measure the tower cross-section and to determine its axial (in the line-of-sight) and lateral (transverse to the line-of-sight) position with the help of a least-squares fit. As a result, the proposed measurement approach allowed for analyzing the tower’s deformation. The method was validated on a 3.4 MW wind turbine with a hub height of 128 m by comparing the measurement results to a reference video measurement, which recorded the nacelle movement from below and determined the nacelle movement with the help of point-tracking software. The measurements were compared in the time and frequency domain for different operating conditions, such as low/strong wind and start-up/braking of the turbine. There was a high correlation between the signals from the laser-based and the reference measurement in the time domain, and the same peak of the dominant tower oscillation was determined in the frequency domain. The proposed method was therefore an effective tool for the in-process structural health monitoring of tall wind turbine towers.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Helming & Axel von Freyberg & Michael Sorg & Andreas Fischer, 2021. "Wind Turbine Tower Deformation Measurement Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning on a 3.4 MW Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:11:p:3255-:d:567716
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wymore, Mathew L. & Van Dam, Jeremy E. & Ceylan, Halil & Qiao, Daji, 2015. "A survey of health monitoring systems for wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 976-990.
    2. Pierre Tchakoua & René Wamkeue & Mohand Ouhrouche & Fouad Slaoui-Hasnaoui & Tommy Andy Tameghe & Gabriel Ekemb, 2014. "Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring: State-of-the-Art Review, New Trends, and Future Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-36, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andreas Baumann-Ouyang & Jemil Avers Butt & Matej Varga & Andreas Wieser, 2023. "MIMO-SAR Interferometric Measurements for Wind Turbine Tower Deformation Monitoring," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, February.
    2. Tadeusz Głowacki, 2022. "Monitoring the Geometry of Tall Objects in Energy Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Jakub Janus & Piotr Ostrogórski, 2022. "Underground Mine Tunnel Modelling Using Laser Scan Data in Relation to Manual Geometry Measurements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, March.

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