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Catalytic Steam Reforming of Toluene: Understanding the Influence of the Main Reaction Parameters over a Reference Catalyst

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  • Hua Lun Zhu

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK)

  • Laura Pastor-Pérez

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK)

  • Marcos Millan

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK)

Abstract

Identifying the suitable reaction conditions is key to achieve high performance and economic efficiency in any catalytic process. In this study, the catalytic performance of a Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, a benchmark system—was investigated in steam reforming of toluene as a biomass gasification tar model compound to explore the effect of reforming temperature, steam to carbon (S/C) ratio and residence time on toluene conversion and gas products. An S/C molar ratio range from one to three and temperature range from 700 to 900 °C was selected according to thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) was varied from 30,600 to 122,400 h −1 based on previous work. The results suggest that 800 °C, GHSV 61,200 h −1 and S/C ratio 3 provide favourable operating conditions for steam reforming of toluene in order to get high toluene conversion and hydrogen productivity, achieving a toluene to gas conversion of 94% and H 2 production of 13 mol/mol toluene.

Suggested Citation

  • Hua Lun Zhu & Laura Pastor-Pérez & Marcos Millan, 2020. "Catalytic Steam Reforming of Toluene: Understanding the Influence of the Main Reaction Parameters over a Reference Catalyst," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:4:p:813-:d:320271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anis, Samsudin & Zainal, Z.A., 2011. "Tar reduction in biomass producer gas via mechanical, catalytic and thermal methods: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 2355-2377, June.
    2. Guan, Guoqing & Kaewpanha, Malinee & Hao, Xiaogang & Abudula, Abuliti, 2016. "Catalytic steam reforming of biomass tar: Prospects and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 450-461.
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