IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i19p5053-d419547.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H 2 + CO + CH 4 + N 2 Mixture at 900 °C

Author

Listed:
  • Guanyong Sun

    (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Bin Li

    (College of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Hanjie Guo

    (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Wensheng Yang

    (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Shaoying Li

    (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Jing Guo

    (School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

The reduction gas used in the gas-based direct reduction iron-making process contains CH 4 in different concentrations, which has an important effect on the gas and heat needed for the reduction of iron oxide. To investigate the influence of CH 4 on gas utilization rate and heat needed at 900 °C, the initial conditions are set as H 2 % + CO% = 90, CH 4 % + N 2 % = 10, gas pressure 1–9 atm, and 0.5 mol Fe 2 O 3 , and the equilibrium state composition is calculated using the minimum free energy method. The utilization rate of total gas can be improved, and gas demand can be decreased by increasing CH 4 concentration or H 2 concentration or reducing gas pressure. For the production of per ton of Fe from 25 °C to 900 °C, 6.08–7.29 m 3 of reduction gas, and 7.338–8.952 MJ of gas sensible heat can be saved by increasing 1 m 3 CH 4 , while 10.959–11.189 MJ of reaction heat is increased. Compared with 3390.828–3865.760 MJ of the total heat of per ton of Fe for the reduction by H 2 + CO, 2.174–3.703 MJ of total heat is increased by increasing 1 m 3 CH 4 , and the increase ratio is 0.065–0.096%. This study is helpful to improve the gas efficiency and lower the pursuit of higher concentration of H 2 + CO in reduction gas.

Suggested Citation

  • Guanyong Sun & Bin Li & Hanjie Guo & Wensheng Yang & Shaoying Li & Jing Guo, 2020. "Thermodynamic Study on Reduction of Iron Oxides by H 2 + CO + CH 4 + N 2 Mixture at 900 °C," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:19:p:5053-:d:419547
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5053/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/19/5053/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Hsu, Chih-Liang & Du, Shan-Wen, 2015. "Thermodynamic analysis of the partial oxidation of coke oven gas for indirect reduction of iron oxides in a blast furnace," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 758-771.
    2. Abhinav Bhaskar & Mohsen Assadi & Homam Nikpey Somehsaraei, 2020. "Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Wei, Rufei & Feng, Shanghuan & Long, Hongming & Li, Jiaxin & Yuan, Zhongshun & Cang, Daqiang & Xu, Chunbao (Charles), 2017. "Coupled biomass (lignin) gasification and iron ore reduction: A novel approach for biomass conversion and application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 406-414.
    4. Guanyong Sun & Bin Li & Wensheng Yang & Jing Guo & Hanjie Guo, 2020. "Analysis of Energy Consumption of the Reduction of Fe 2 O 3 by Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Mixtures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-13, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Qiu, Ziyang & Sun, Jingchao & Du, Tao & Na, Hongming & Zhang, Lei & Yuan, Yuxing & Wang, Yisong, 2024. "Impact of hydrogen metallurgy on the current iron and steel industry: A comprehensive material-exergy-emission flow analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    2. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Hsu, Chih-Liang & Wang, Xiao-Dong, 2016. "Thermodynamic approach and comparison of two-step and single step DME (dimethyl ether) syntheses with carbon dioxide utilization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 326-340.
    3. Maruf, Md. Nasimul Islam, 2021. "Open model-based analysis of a 100% renewable and sector-coupled energy system–The case of Germany in 2050," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    4. Qiang Yue & Xicui Chai & Yujie Zhang & Qi Wang & Heming Wang & Feng Zhao & Wei Ji & Yuqi Lu, 2023. "Analysis of iron and steel production paths on the energy demand and carbon emission in China’s iron and steel industry," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(5), pages 4065-4085, May.
    5. Michel Noussan & Pier Paolo Raimondi & Rossana Scita & Manfred Hafner, 2020. "The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-26, December.
    6. Salvatore Digiesi & Giovanni Mummolo & Micaela Vitti, 2022. "Minimum Emissions Configuration of a Green Energy–Steel System: An Analytical Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, May.
    7. Yi, Qun & Wu, Guo-sheng & Gong, Min-hui & Huang, Yi & Feng, Jie & Hao, Yan-hong & Li, Wen-ying, 2017. "A feasibility study for CO2 recycle assistance with coke oven gas to synthetic natural gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 149-161.
    8. Yi, Qun & Gong, Min-Hui & Huang, Yi & Feng, Jie & Hao, Yan-Hong & Zhang, Ji-Long & Li, Wen-Ying, 2016. "Process development of coke oven gas to methanol integrated with CO2 recycle for satisfactory techno-economic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 618-628.
    9. Tobias Mueller & Steven Gronau, 2023. "Fostering Macroeconomic Research on Hydrogen-Powered Aviation: A Systematic Literature Review on General Equilibrium Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-33, February.
    10. Bin Xu, 2022. "How to Efficiently Reduce the Carbon Intensity of the Heavy Industry in China? Using Quantile Regression Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-24, October.
    11. Jenny Ibarguen & Rosaura Castrillón, 2024. "ISO 50002 and ITS Contribution to the Decarbonization of SMES: Case Study," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(1), pages 224-244, January.
    12. Umair Yaqub Qazi, 2022. "Future of Hydrogen as an Alternative Fuel for Next-Generation Industrial Applications; Challenges and Expected Opportunities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-40, June.
    13. Siavashi, Majid & Hosseini, Farzad & Talesh Bahrami, Hamid Reza, 2021. "A new design with preheating and layered porous ceramic for hydrogen production through methane steam reforming process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    14. Ren, Lei & Zhou, Sheng & Ou, Xunmin, 2023. "The carbon reduction potential of hydrogen in the low carbon transition of the iron and steel industry: The case of China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    15. Paul Wolfram & Qingshi Tu & Niko Heeren & Stefan Pauliuk & Edgar G. Hertwich, 2021. "Material efficiency and climate change mitigation of passenger vehicles," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(2), pages 494-510, April.
    16. Takuma Watari & André Cabrera Serrenho & Lukas Gast & Jonathan Cullen & Julian Allwood, 2023. "Feasible supply of steel and cement within a carbon budget is likely to fall short of expected global demand," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    17. Cardoso, J. & Silva, V. & Eusébio, D. & Brito, P. & Hall, M.J. & Tarelho, L., 2018. "Comparative scaling analysis of two different sized pilot-scale fluidized bed reactors operating with biomass substrates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 520-535.
    18. Diana Carolina Guío-Pérez & Guillermo Martinez Castilla & David Pallarès & Henrik Thunman & Filip Johnsson, 2023. "Thermochemical Energy Storage with Integrated District Heat Production–A Case Study of Sweden," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-26, January.
    19. Weiss, Robert & Ikäheimo, Jussi, 2024. "Flexible industrial power-to-X production enabling large-scale wind power integration: A case study of future hydrogen direct reduction iron production in Finland," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 365(C).
    20. El Hage, Hicham & Herez, Amal & Ramadan, Mohamad & Bazzi, Hassan & Khaled, Mahmoud, 2018. "An investigation on solar drying: A review with economic and environmental assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 815-829.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:19:p:5053-:d:419547. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.