IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i13p3439-d379898.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessing the Performance of Sustainable Development Goals of EU Countries: Hard and Soft Data Integration

Author

Listed:
  • Ewa Chodakowska

    (Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

  • Joanicjusz Nazarko

    (Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland)

Abstract

The European Union (EU) energy policy for sustainable development has been the topic of continuous debate, research, and analysis, which frequently focused on objectives and the evaluation of quantitative and qualitative performance. Different approaches can be used for the assessment of sustainable development goals. The authors of the article conducted a literature review of relevant research papers dated 2016–2020. The most common are quantitative methods based on hard data. Some qualitative studies based on soft data are also available but rare. This article proposes hybrid Rough Set Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Rough Set Network DEA models that integrate both approaches. Also, the models allow the inclusion of uncertainty in the underlying data. The article uses hard data of the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the results of the EU survey regarding the influence of the socio-economic environment on CO 2 emissions in EU countries. The authors demonstrate that multifaceted and objective assessment is possible by merging concepts from the set theory and operational research.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewa Chodakowska & Joanicjusz Nazarko, 2020. "Assessing the Performance of Sustainable Development Goals of EU Countries: Hard and Soft Data Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-26, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:13:p:3439-:d:379898
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/13/3439/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/13/3439/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Indre Siksnelyte & Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, 2019. "Achievements of the European Union Countries in Seeking a Sustainable Electricity Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-16, June.
    2. B. Hollingsworth & P. Smith, 2003. "Use of ratios in data envelopment analysis," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(11), pages 733-735.
    3. Nikolaev, Angel & Konidari, Popi, 2017. "Development and assessment of renewable energy policy scenarios by 2030 for Bulgaria," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 792-802.
    4. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Rhodes, E., 1978. "Measuring the efficiency of decision making units," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 2(6), pages 429-444, November.
    5. Daniela Cristina Momete, 2017. "Measuring Renewable Energy Development in the Eastern Bloc of the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Xu, Jiuping & Li, Bin & Wu, Desheng, 2009. "Rough data envelopment analysis and its application to supply chain performance evaluation," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(2), pages 628-638, December.
    7. Cooper, William W. & Deng, H. & Huang, Zhimin & Li, Susan X., 2004. "Chance constrained programming approaches to congestion in stochastic data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 155(2), pages 487-501, June.
    8. Magdalena Radulescu & Aleksandra Fedajev & Crenguta Ileana Sinisi & Constanta Popescu & Silvia Elena Iacob, 2018. "Europe 2020 Implementation as Driver of Economic Performance and Competitiveness. Panel Analysis of CEE Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-20, February.
    9. Swain, Ranjula Bali & Karimu, Amin, 2020. "Renewable electricity and sustainable development goals in the EU," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    10. Malinauskaite, J. & Jouhara, H. & Ahmad, L. & Milani, M. & Montorsi, L. & Venturelli, M., 2019. "Energy efficiency in industry: EU and national policies in Italy and the UK," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 255-269.
    11. Lindberg, Marie Byskov & Markard, Jochen & Andersen, Allan Dahl, 2019. "Policies, actors and sustainability transition pathways: A study of the EU’s energy policy mix," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(10).
    12. Pacesila, Mihaela & Burcea, Stefan Gabriel & Colesca, Sofia Elena, 2016. "Analysis of renewable energies in European Union," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 156-170.
    13. Serhiy Lyeonov & Tetyana Pimonenko & Yuriy Bilan & Dalia Štreimikienė & Grzegorz Mentel, 2019. "Assessment of Green Investments’ Impact on Sustainable Development: Linking Gross Domestic Product Per Capita, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-12, October.
    14. deLlano-Paz, Fernando & Martínez Fernandez, Paulino & Soares, Isabel, 2016. "Addressing 2030 EU policy framework for energy and climate: Cost, risk and energy security issues," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P2), pages 1347-1360.
    15. Olesen, Ole Bent & Petersen, Niels Christian & Podinovski, Victor V., 2017. "Efficiency measures and computational approaches for data envelopment analysis models with ratio inputs and outputs," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 261(2), pages 640-655.
    16. United Nations UN, 2015. "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Working Papers id:7559, eSocialSciences.
    17. Pietrapertosa, Filomena & Khokhlov, Valeriy & Salvia, Monica & Cosmi, Carmelina, 2018. "Climate change adaptation policies and plans: A survey in 11 South East European countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 3041-3050.
    18. Siksnelyte, Indre & Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras & Bausys, Romualdas & Streimikiene, Dalia, 2019. "Implementation of EU energy policy priorities in the Baltic Sea Region countries: Sustainability assessment based on neutrosophic MULTIMOORA method," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 90-102.
    19. EMROUZNEJAD, Ali & TAVANA, Madjid & HATAMI-MARBINI, Adel, 2014. "The state of the art in fuzzy data envelopment analysis," LIDAM Reprints CORE 2543, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    20. Zurano-Cervelló, Patricia & Pozo, Carlos & Mateo-Sanz, Josep María & Jiménez, Laureano & Guillén-Gosálbez, Gonzalo, 2019. "Sustainability efficiency assessment of the electricity mix of the 28 EU member countries combining data envelopment analysis and optimized projections," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    21. Arbolino, Roberta & Boffardi, Raffaele & Ioppolo, Giuseppe, 2019. "The effectiveness of European energy policy on the Italian system: Regional evidences from a hierarchical cluster analysis approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 47-61.
    22. R. D. Banker & A. Charnes & W. W. Cooper, 1984. "Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(9), pages 1078-1092, September.
    23. Jin-chi Hsieh & Ching-cheng Lu & Ying Li & Yung-ho Chiu & Ya-sue Xu, 2019. "Environmental Assessment of European Union Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    24. Asta Mikalauskiene & Justas Štreimikis & Ignas Mikalauskas & Gintarė Stankūnienė & Rimantas Dapkus, 2019. "Comparative Assessment of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in Fuel Combustion Sector of Lithuania and Bulgaria," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-25, February.
    25. Joanna Ejdys & Katarzyna Halicka, 2018. "Sustainable Adaptation of New Technology—The Case of Humanoids Used for the Care of Older Adults," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-24, October.
    26. Duscha, Vicki & Fougeyrollas, Arnaud & Nathani, Carsten & Pfaff, Matthias & Ragwitz, Mario & Resch, Gustav & Schade, Wolfgang & Breitschopf, Barbara & Walz, Rainer, 2016. "Renewable energy deployment in Europe up to 2030 and the aim of a triple dividend," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 314-323.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Joanicjusz Nazarko & Ewa Chodakowska & Łukasz Nazarko, 2022. "Evaluating the Transition of the European Union Member States towards a Circular Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, May.
    2. Sławomira Hajduk & Dorota Jelonek, 2021. "A Decision-Making Approach Based on TOPSIS Method for Ranking Smart Cities in the Context of Urban Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-23, May.
    3. Ewa Chodakowska & Joanicjusz Nazarko & Łukasz Nazarko, 2021. "ARIMA Models in Electrical Load Forecasting and Their Robustness to Noise," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-22, November.
    4. Mariusz Zieliński & Izabela Jonek-Kowalska, 2021. "Does CSR Affect the Profitability and Valuation of Energy Companies? An Example from Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.
    5. Talat S. Genc & Stephen Kosempel, 2023. "Energy Transition and the Economy: A Review Article," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-26, March.
    6. Sungsig Bang, 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Energy Research Projects Using DEA Super-Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-19, October.
    7. Victor Goman & Vladimir Prakht & Vadim Kazakbaev & Vladimir Dmitrievskii, 2021. "Comparative Study of Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emissions of Variable-Speed Electric Drives with Induction and Synchronous Reluctance Motors in Pump Units," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-16, October.
    8. Jun-Der Leu & Wen-Hsien Tsai & Mei-Niang Fan & Sophia Chuang, 2020. "Benchmarking Sustainable Manufacturing: A DEA-Based Method and Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    9. Ionescu, Romeo-Victor & Zlati, Monica Laura & Antohi, Valentin-Marian & Susanu, Irina Olimpia & Cristache, Nicoleta, 2022. "A new approach on renewable energy as a support for regional economic development among the European Union," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chang, Ming-Chung, 2020. "An application of total-factor energy efficiency under the metafrontier framework," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    2. Victoria Wojcik & Harald Dyckhoff & Marcel Clermont, 2019. "Is data envelopment analysis a suitable tool for performance measurement and benchmarking in non-production contexts?," Business Research, Springer;German Academic Association for Business Research, vol. 12(2), pages 559-595, December.
    3. Zanella, Andreia & Camanho, Ana S. & Dias, Teresa G., 2015. "Undesirable outputs and weighting schemes in composite indicators based on data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 245(2), pages 517-530.
    4. Margareta Gardijan & Zrinka Lukač, 2018. "Measuring the relative efficiency of the food and drink industry in the chosen EU countries using the data envelopment analysis with missing data," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 26(3), pages 695-713, September.
    5. Thore, Sten, 2022. "Sustainable development goal deficits and the Covid 19 pandemic," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    6. Zhimin Huang & Waiman Cheung & Huiwen Wang, 2006. "Cone dominance and efficiency in DEA," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 145(1), pages 89-103, July.
    7. Ole Bent Olesen & Niels Christian Petersen & Victor V. Podinovski, 2022. "Scale characteristics of variable returns-to-scale production technologies with ratio inputs and outputs," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 318(1), pages 383-423, November.
    8. Amy H. I. Lee & Chun Yu Lin & He-Yau Kang & Wen Hsin Lee, 2012. "An Integrated Performance Evaluation Model for the Photovoltaics Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-21, April.
    9. Glover, Fred & Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki, 2009. "Contributions of Professor William W. Cooper in Operations Research and Management Science," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 197(1), pages 1-16, August.
    10. Majid Azadi & Zohreh Moghaddas & Reza Farzipoor Saen & Angappa Gunasekaran & Sachin Kumar Mangla & Alessio Ishizaka, 2023. "Using network data envelopment analysis to assess the sustainability and resilience of healthcare supply chains in response to the COVID-19 pandemic," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 328(1), pages 107-150, September.
    11. Wai‐Peng Wong & Qiang Deng & Ming-Lang Tseng & Loo‐Hay Lee & Chee‐Wooi Hooy, 2014. "A Stochastic Setting To Bank Financial Performance For Refining Efficiency Estimates," Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(4), pages 225-245, October.
    12. Wojciech Chmielewski & Marta Postuła & Przemysław Dubel, 2023. "The Impact of Expenditure on Research and Development on Selected Energy Factors in the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-18, April.
    13. Pereira, Miguel Alves & Camanho, Ana Santos & Marques, Rui Cunha & Figueira, José Rui, 2021. "The convergence of the World Health Organization Member States regarding the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal ‘Good health and well-being’," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    14. Wei-Kang Wang & Wen-Min Lu & Yu-Han Wang, 2013. "The relationship between bank performance and intellectual capital in East Asia," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 1041-1062, February.
    15. Nocera Alves Junior, Paulo & Costa Melo, Isotilia & de Moraes Santos, Rodrigo & da Rocha, Fernando Vinícius & Caixeta-Filho, José Vicente, 2022. "How did COVID-19 affect green-fuel supply chain? - A performance analysis of Brazilian ethanol sector," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    16. Emrouznejad, Ali & Rostami-Tabar, Bahman & Petridis, Konstantinos, 2016. "A novel ranking procedure for forecasting approaches using Data Envelopment Analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 235-243.
    17. Djula Borozan, 2021. "Technical Efficiency and Productivity Change in the European Union with Undesirable Output Considered," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    18. Liu, W.B. & Zhang, D.Q. & Meng, W. & Li, X.X. & Xu, F., 2011. "A study of DEA models without explicit inputs," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 472-480, October.
    19. Pourmahmoud, Jafar & Bagheri, Narges, 2023. "Uncertain Malmquist productivity index: An application to evaluate healthcare systems during COVID-19 pandemic," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PA).
    20. Oliver Tiemann & Jonas Schreyögg, 2012. "Changes in hospital efficiency after privatization," Health Care Management Science, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 310-326, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:13:p:3439-:d:379898. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.