IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i13p3410-d379448.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Virtual Simulation of Electric Bus Fleets for City Bus Transport Electrification Planning

Author

Listed:
  • Jakov Topić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Jure Soldo

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Filip Maletić

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Branimir Škugor

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Joško Deur

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

City bus transport electrification has a strong potential of improving city air quality, reducing noise pollution and increasing passenger satisfaction. Since the city bus operation is rather deterministic and intermittent, the driving range- and charging-related concerns may be effectively overcome by means of fast charging at end stations and/or slow charging in depot. In order to support decision making processes, a simulation tool for planning of city bus transport electrification has been developed and it is presented in this paper. The tool is designed to use real/recorded driving cycles and techno-economic data, in order to calculate the optimal type and number of e-buses and chargers, and predict the total cost of ownership including investment and exploitation cost. The paper focuses on computationally efficient e-bus fleet simulation including powertrain control and charging management aspects, which is illustrated through main results of a pilot study of bus transport electrification planning for the city of Dubrovnik.

Suggested Citation

  • Jakov Topić & Jure Soldo & Filip Maletić & Branimir Škugor & Joško Deur, 2020. "Virtual Simulation of Electric Bus Fleets for City Bus Transport Electrification Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:13:p:3410-:d:379448
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/13/3410/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/13/3410/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jure Soldo & Branimir Škugor & Joško Deur, 2019. "Synthesis of Optimal Battery State-of-Charge Trajectory for Blended Regime of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles in the Presence of Low-Emission Zones and Varying Road Grades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-21, November.
    2. Davidov, Sreten, 2020. "Optimal charging infrastructure planning based on a charging convenience buffer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Al-Alawi, Baha M. & Bradley, Thomas H., 2013. "Total cost of ownership, payback, and consumer preference modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 488-506.
    4. Cavadas, Joana & Homem de Almeida Correia, Gonçalo & Gouveia, João, 2015. "A MIP model for locating slow-charging stations for electric vehicles in urban areas accounting for driver tours," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 188-201.
    5. Das, H.S. & Rahman, M.M. & Li, S. & Tan, C.W., 2020. "Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Francis F. Assadian, 2022. "Advanced Control and Estimation Concepts and New Hardware Topologies for Future Mobility," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-3, February.
    2. Marcin Połom & Paweł Wiśniewski, 2021. "Assessment of the Emission of Pollutants from Public Transport Based on the Example of Diesel Buses and Trolleybuses in Gdynia and Sopot," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Nikos Avramis & Mikaela Ranta & Andoni Saez-de-Ibarra & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Multi-Objective Energy Management and Charging Strategy for Electric Bus Fleets in Cities Using Various ECO Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-42, July.
    4. Zvonimir Dabčević & Branimir Škugor & Jakov Topić & Joško Deur, 2022. "Synthesis of Driving Cycles Based on Low-Sampling-Rate Vehicle-Tracking Data and Markov Chain Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, June.
    5. Kouridis, Ch & Vlachokostas, Ch, 2022. "Towards decarbonizing road transport: Environmental and social benefit of vehicle fleet electrification in urban areas of Greece," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    6. Jakov Topić & Branimir Škugor & Joško Deur, 2021. "Synthesis and Feature Selection-Supported Validation of Multidimensional Driving Cycles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, April.
    7. Krzysztof KRAWIEC, 2021. "Vehicle Cycle Hierarchization Model To Determine The Order Of Battery Electric Bus Deployment In Public Transport," Transport Problems, Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, vol. 16(1), pages 99-112, March.
    8. Alberto Broatch & Pablo Olmeda & Pau Bares & Sebastián Aceros, 2022. "Integral Thermal Management Studies in Winter Conditions with a Global Model of a Battery-Powered Electric Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-24, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kandpal, Bakul & Pareek, Parikshit & Verma, Ashu, 2022. "A robust day-ahead scheduling strategy for EV charging stations in unbalanced distribution grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    2. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Tan, Kang Miao & Yong, Jia Ying & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Mansor, Muhamad & Teh, Jiashen & Guerrero, Josep M., 2023. "Factors influencing global transportation electrification: Comparative analysis of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    4. Hutchinson, Tim & Burgess, Stuart & Herrmann, Guido, 2014. "Current hybrid-electric powertrain architectures: Applying empirical design data to life cycle assessment and whole-life cost analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 314-329.
    5. Kim, Hyunjung & Kim, Dae-Wook & Kim, Man-Keun, 2022. "Economics of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in Korea," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    6. Rahman, Syed & Khan, Irfan Ahmed & Khan, Ashraf Ali & Mallik, Ayan & Nadeem, Muhammad Faisal, 2022. "Comprehensive review & impact analysis of integrating projected electric vehicle charging load to the existing low voltage distribution system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    7. Makena Coffman & Paul Bernstein & Sherilyn Wee, 2017. "Electric vehicles revisited: a review of factors that affect adoption," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(1), pages 79-93, January.
    8. Wee, Sherilyn & Coffman, Makena & Allen, Scott, 2020. "EV driver characteristics: Evidence from Hawaii," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 33-40.
    9. Pourrahmani, Elham & Jaller, Miguel, 2021. "Crowdshipping in last mile deliveries: Operational challenges and research opportunities," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    10. Dumortier, Jerome & Siddiki, Saba & Carley, Sanya & Cisney, Joshua & Krause, Rachel & Lane, Bradley & Rupp, John & Graham, John, 2015. "Effects of Life Cycle Cost Information Disclosure on the Purchase Decision of Hybrid and Plug-In Vehicles," IU SPEA AgEcon Papers 198643, Indiana University, IU School of Public and Environmental Affairs.
    11. Dumortier, Jerome & Kent, Matthew W. & Payton, Seth B., 2016. "Plug-in vehicles and the future of road infrastructure funding in the United States," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 187-195.
    12. Lin, Haiyang & Bian, Caiyun & Wang, Yu & Li, Hailong & Sun, Qie & Wallin, Fredrik, 2022. "Optimal planning of intra-city public charging stations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    13. Yang Gao & Changhong Liu & Yuan Liang & Sadegh Kouhestani Hamed & Fuwei Wang & Bo Bi, 2022. "Minimizing Energy Consumption and Powertrain Cost of Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles with Consideration of Different Driving Cycles and SOC Ranges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-12, August.
    14. Leonardo Nogueira Fontoura da Silva & Marcelo Bruno Capeletti & Alzenira da Rosa Abaide & Luciano Lopes Pfitscher, 2024. "A Stochastic Methodology for EV Fast-Charging Load Curve Estimation Considering the Highway Traffic and User Behavior," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-27, April.
    15. Hewu Wang & Xiaobin Zhang & Lvwei Wu & Cong Hou & Huiming Gong & Qian Zhang & Minggao Ouyang, 2015. "Beijing passenger car travel survey: implications for alternative fuel vehicle deployment," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 20(5), pages 817-835, June.
    16. Khaleghikarahrodi, Mehrsa & Macht, Gretchen A., 2023. "Patterns, no patterns, that is the question: Quantifying users’ electric vehicle charging," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 291-304.
    17. Coffman, Makena & Bernstein, Paul & Wee, Sherilyn, 2017. "Integrating electric vehicles and residential solar PV," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 30-38.
    18. Christensen, Paul A. & Anderson, Paul A. & Harper, Gavin D.J. & Lambert, Simon M. & Mrozik, Wojciech & Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali & Wise, Malcolm S. & Heidrich, Oliver, 2021. "Risk management over the life cycle of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    19. Park, Hyunwoo & Lee, Chungmok, 2024. "An exact algorithm for maximum electric vehicle flow coverage problem with heterogeneous chargers, nonlinear charging time and route deviations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 315(3), pages 926-951.
    20. Kantapich Preedakorn & David Butler & Jörn Mehnen, 2023. "Challenges for the Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Thailand: Potential Impacts, Barriers, and Public Policy Recommendations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:13:p:3410-:d:379448. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.