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Effect of Additivized Biodiesel Blends on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission, Tribological Characteristics, and Lubricant Tribology

Author

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  • M. A. Mujtaba

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Department of Mechanical, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Engineering (New Campus), University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • H. H. Masjuki

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50728, Malaysia)

  • M. A. Kalam

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Fahad Noor

    (Department of Mechanical, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Engineering (New Campus), University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Farooq

    (Department of Mechanical, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Engineering (New Campus), University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Hwai Chyuan Ong

    (School of Information, Systems and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia)

  • M. Gul

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Energy Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Shahid Bashir

    (Department of Physics, Center of Ionics, Faculty of Science University of Malaya Malaysia, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • I. M. Rizwanul Fattah

    (School of Information, Systems and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia)

  • L. Razzaq

    (Department of Mechanical, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Engineering (New Campus), University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

Abstract

This research work focuses on investigating the lubricity and analyzing the engine characteristics of diesel–biodiesel blends with fuel additives (titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC)) and their effect on the tribological properties of a mineral lubricant. A blend of palm–sesame oil was used to produce biodiesel using ultrasound-assisted transesterification. B30 (30% biodiesel + 70% diesel) fuel was selected as the base fuel. The additives used in the current study to prepare ternary fuel blends were TiO 2 and DMC. B30 + TiO 2 showed a significant reduction of 6.72% in the coefficient of friction (COF) compared to B30. B10 (Malaysian commercial diesel) exhibited very poor lubricity and COF among all tested fuels. Both ternary fuel blends showed a promising reduction in wear rate. All contaminated lubricant samples showed an increment in COF due to the dilution of combustible fuels. Lub + B10 (lubricant + B10) showed the highest increment of 42.29% in COF among all contaminated lubricant samples. B30 + TiO 2 showed the maximum reduction (6.76%) in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). B30 + DMC showed the maximum increment (8.01%) in brake thermal efficiency (BTE). B30 + DMC exhibited a considerable decline of 32.09% and 25.4% in CO and HC emissions, respectively. The B30 + TiO 2 fuel blend showed better lubricity and a significant improvement in engine characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • M. A. Mujtaba & H. H. Masjuki & M. A. Kalam & Fahad Noor & Muhammad Farooq & Hwai Chyuan Ong & M. Gul & Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar & Shahid Bashir & I. M. Rizwanul Fattah & L. Razzaq, 2020. "Effect of Additivized Biodiesel Blends on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission, Tribological Characteristics, and Lubricant Tribology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:13:p:3375-:d:379037
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    2. K. M. Akkoli & N. R. Banapurmath & Suresh G & Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar & T. M. Yunus Khan & Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig & M. A. Mujtaba & Nazia Hossain & Kiran Shahapurkar & Ashraf Elfasakhany & Mishal A, 2021. "Effect of Producer Gas from Redgram Stalk and Combustion Chamber Types on the Emission and Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
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    6. Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Homa & Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Hamed & Dehhaghi, Mona & Orooji, Yasin & Shahbeik, Hossein & Mahian, Omid & Karimi-Maleh, Hassan & Kalam, Md Abul & Salehi Jouzani, Gholamreza & M, 2023. "Applications of nanotechnology in biodiesel combustion and post-combustion stages," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
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    9. M. Naveed & A. Arslan & H. M. A. Javed & T. Manzoor & M. M. Quazi & T. Imran & Z. M. Zulfattah & M. Khurram & I. M. R. Fattah, 2021. "State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives of Environmentally Friendly Machining Using Biodegradable Cutting Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-35, August.
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    12. Mahantesh Marikatti & N. R. Banapurmath & V. S. Yaliwal & Y.H. Basavarajappa & Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar & Fausto Pedro García Márquez & MA Mujtaba & H. Fayaz & Bharat Naik & T.M. Yunus Khan & Asif Af, 2020. "Hydrogen Injection in a Dual Fuel Engine Fueled with Low-Pressure Injection of Methyl Ester of Thevetia Peruviana (METP) for Diesel Engine Maintenance Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-27, October.
    13. Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Mujtaba, M.A. & Safaei, Mohammad Reza & Afzal, Asif & V, Dhana Raju & Ahmed, Waqar & Banapurmath, N.R. & Hossain, Nazia & Bashir, Shahid & Badruddin, Irfan Anjum & Goodar, 2021. "Effect of Sr@ZnO nanoparticles and Ricinus communis biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on modified CRDI diesel engine characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    14. J. Sadhik Basha & Tahereh Jafary & Ranjit Vasudevan & Jahanzeb Khan Bahadur & Muna Al Ajmi & Aadil Al Neyadi & Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar & MA Mujtaba & Abrar Hussain & Waqar Ahmed & Kiran Shahapurkar, 2021. "Potential of Utilization of Renewable Energy Technologies in Gulf Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-29, September.
    15. Haseeb Yaqoob & Yew Heng Teoh & Muhammad Ahmad Jamil & Tahir Rasheed & Farooq Sher, 2020. "An Experimental Investigation on Tribological Behaviour of Tire-Derived Pyrolysis Oil Blended with Biodiesel Fuel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-13, November.

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