IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i12p3230-d374757.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On the Hybridization of Microcars with Hybrid UltraCapacitors and Li-Ion Batteries Storage Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Fernando Ortenzi

    (ENEA—Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, 00134 Rome, Italy)

  • Natascia Andrenacci

    (ENEA—Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, 00134 Rome, Italy)

  • Manlio Pasquali

    (ENEA—Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, 00134 Rome, Italy)

  • Carlo Villante

    (CITraMS—Center for Transportation and Sustainable Mobility, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

Abstract

The objective proposed by the EU to drastically reduce vehicular CO 2 emission for the years up to 2030 requires an increase of propulsion systems’ efficiency, and accordingly, the improvement their technology. Hybrid electric vehicles could have a chance of achieving this, by recovering energy during braking phases, running in pure electric mode and allowing the internal combustion engine to operate under better efficiency conditions, while maintaining traditionally expected vehicle performances (mileage, weight, available on-board volume, etc.). The energy storage systems for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have different requirements than those designed for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs); high specific power is normally the most critical issue. Using Li-ion Batteries (LiBs) in the designing of on-board Energy Storage Systems (ESS) based only on power specifications gives an ESS with an energy capacity which is sufficient for vehicle requirements. The highest specific power LiBs are therefore chosen among those technologically available. All this leads to an ESS design that is strongly stressed over time, because current output is very high and very rapidly varies, during both traction and regeneration phases. The resulting efficiency of the ESS is correspondingly lowered, and LiBs lifetime can be relevantly affected. Such a problem can be overcome by adopting hybrid storage systems, coupling LiBs and UltraCapacitors (UCs); by properly dimensioning and controlling the ESS’ components, in fact, the current output of the batteries can be reduced and smoothed, using UCs during transients. In this paper, a simulation model, calibrated and validated on an engine testbed, has been used to evaluate the performances of a hybrid storage HEV microcar under different operative conditions (driving cycles, environment temperature and ESS State of Charge). Results show that the hybridization of the powertrain may reduce fuel consumption by up to 27%, while LiBs lifetime may be more than doubled.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Ortenzi & Natascia Andrenacci & Manlio Pasquali & Carlo Villante, 2020. "On the Hybridization of Microcars with Hybrid UltraCapacitors and Li-Ion Batteries Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:12:p:3230-:d:374757
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3230/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3230/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cong Zhang & Dai Wang & Bin Wang & Fan Tong, 2020. "Battery Degradation Minimization-Oriented Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Weiwei Shan & Michael Schwalm & Martin Shan, 2024. "A Design Tool for Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Based on the Physical–Electrochemical Degradation Battery Model BaSiS," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-24, July.
    2. Yue Zhou & Hussein Obeid & Salah Laghrouche & Mickael Hilairet & Abdesslem Djerdir, 2020. "A Disturbance Rejection Control Strategy of a Single Converter Hybrid Electrical System Integrating Battery Degradation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Zhang, Haifeng & Tian, Ming & Zhang, Cong & Wang, Bin & Wang, Dai, 2021. "A systematic solution to quantify economic values of vehicle grid integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    4. Gang Xiao & Qihong Chen & Peng Xiao & Liyan Zhang & Quansen Rong, 2022. "Multiobjective Optimization for a Li-Ion Battery and Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-13, April.
    5. Miroslaw Lewandowski & Marek Orzylowski, 2020. "Novel Time Method of Identification of Fractional Model Parameters of Supercapacitor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, June.
    6. Balsamo, Flavio & Capasso, Clemente & Lauria, Davide & Veneri, Ottorino, 2020. "Optimal design and energy management of hybrid storage systems for marine propulsion applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    7. Xu, Bin & Shi, Junzhe & Li, Sixu & Li, Huayi & Wang, Zhe, 2021. "Energy consumption and battery aging minimization using a Q-learning strategy for a battery/ultracapacitor electric vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    8. Ilya Kulikov & Andrey Kozlov & Alexey Terenchenko & Kirill Karpukhin, 2020. "Comparative Study of Powertrain Hybridization for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Equipped with Diesel and Gas Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, April.
    9. Mattia Mauro & Atriya Biswas & Carlo Fiorillo & Hao Wang & Ezio Spessa & Federico Miretti & Ryan Ahmed & Angelo Bonfitto & Ali Emadi, 2024. "Real-Time Implementable Integrated Energy and Cabin Temperature Management for Battery Life Extension in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-20, June.
    10. Jixiang Yang & Yongming Bian & Meng Yang & Jie Shao & Ao Liang, 2021. "Parameter Matching of Energy Regeneration System for Parallel Hydraulic Hybrid Loader," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-26, August.
    11. Ashleigh Townsend & Rupert Gouws, 2023. "A Comparative Review of Capacity Measurement in Energy Storage Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-26, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:12:p:3230-:d:374757. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.