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Effects of Decentral Heat Pump Operation on Electricity Storage Requirements in Germany

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  • Simon Hilpert

    (Department of Energy and Environmental Management, Europa Universität Flensburg, 24941 Flensburg, Germany)

Abstract

Several studies show that heat pumps need to play a major role for space heating and hot water supply in highly decarbonised energy systems. The degree of elasticity of this additional electricity demand can have a significant impact on the electricity system. This paper investigates the effect of decentral heat pump flexibilisation through thermal energy storage units on electricity storage investment. The analysis is carried using an open source model for the German electricity system based on the Open Energy Modelling Framework (oemof). Results highlight the importance of flexible heat pump operation in 100% renewable energy systems and relate well to findings of other existing studies. Flexibilisation of heat pumps in the German energy system can reduce the need for electricity storage units significantly. While no impact was found for systems with a share below 80% renewable energy, investment in short term storage units is reduced by up to 42–62% in systems with shares of more than 80% renewable energy. In contrast, the impact on long term electricity storage investment was comparatively low in all modelled scenarios. Conducted sensitivity analyses show that both findings are rather insensitive with regard to the available biomass for electricity supply as well as to changes in the heat demand covered by heat pumps. Economically flexible heat pump operation has only a minor effect on system costs. However, the indirect replacement of battery with thermal energy storage units is environmentally beneficial due a lower resource consumption of minerals.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon Hilpert, 2020. "Effects of Decentral Heat Pump Operation on Electricity Storage Requirements in Germany," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2878-:d:367514
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Maruf, Md. Nasimul Islam, 2021. "Open model-based analysis of a 100% renewable and sector-coupled energy system–The case of Germany in 2050," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    2. Md. Nasimul Islam Maruf, 2021. "A Novel Method for Analyzing Highly Renewable and Sector-Coupled Subnational Energy Systems—Case Study of Schleswig-Holstein," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-24, March.
    3. Thimet, P.J. & Mavromatidis, G., 2022. "Review of model-based electricity system transition scenarios: An analysis for Switzerland, Germany, France, and Italy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    4. Arjuna Nebel & Christine Krüger & Tomke Janßen & Mathieu Saurat & Sebastian Kiefer & Karin Arnold, 2020. "Comparison of the Effects of Industrial Demand Side Management and Other Flexibilities on the Performance of the Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, August.
    5. Alexander Roth & Carlos Gaete-Morales & Dana Kirchem & Wolf-Peter Schill, 2023. "Power sector benefits of flexible heat pumps," Papers 2307.12918, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2024.
    6. Kumar, Shravan & Thakur, Jagruti & Gardumi, Francesco, 2022. "Techno-economic modelling and optimisation of excess heat and cold recovery for industries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).

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