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Exergy Evaluation of a Heat Supply System with Vapor Compression Heat Pumps

Author

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  • Agata Rijs

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Ul. Berdychowo, 460-965 Poznań, Poland)

  • Tomasz Mróz

    (Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Ul. Berdychowo, 460-965 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

The vapor compression heat pumps are very popular solutions regarding heat supply systems of modern, low energy buildings. It is partly due to the fact that they are treated as a sustainable heat supply. The question arises: Can a vapor compression heat pump be treated as a sustainable heat supply? To answer this question; the exergy model of a heat pump system operation has been proposed. The proposed model has been employed for evaluation of exergy efficiency of an existing heat supply system equipped with two heat pumps installed in an educational building located on the campus of Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland. The analysis shows that the system exergy efficiency decreases with an increase in outdoor temperature and its values are in the range of 10.9% to 42.0%. The primary exergy efficiency, which considers the conversion of fossil fuel into electricity, is on average 3.2 times lower than the system exergy efficiency for the outdoor temperature range of −9 °C to 11 °C. The performed analysis allowed for the identification of a set of solutions that may increase the exergy and primary exergy efficiency of the system. The first solution is to cover a part of the electricity demand by a renewable energy source. The second proposition is to apply a low-temperature emission system for heating. The third idea is to apply a district heating network as the heat supply instead of the heat pump. The conclusion is that the exergy performance of systems with heat pumps is rather poor because they generate low-quality heat from high-quality electricity. The best way to improve the primary exergy efficiency of a heat pump system is to power the system by electricity generated from a renewable energy source.

Suggested Citation

  • Agata Rijs & Tomasz Mróz, 2019. "Exergy Evaluation of a Heat Supply System with Vapor Compression Heat Pumps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:6:p:1028-:d:214491
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Menberg, Kathrin & Heo, Yeonsook & Choi, Wonjun & Ooka, Ryozo & Choudhary, Ruchi & Shukuya, Masanori, 2017. "Exergy analysis of a hybrid ground-source heat pump system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 31-46.
    2. Bi, Yuehong & Wang, Xinhong & Liu, Yun & Zhang, Hua & Chen, Lingen, 2009. "Comprehensive exergy analysis of a ground-source heat pump system for both building heating and cooling modes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(12), pages 2560-2565, December.
    3. Cho, Honghyun, 2015. "Comparative study on the performance and exergy efficiency of a solar hybrid heat pump using R22 and R744," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1267-1276.
    4. Stanek, Wojciech & Simla, Tomasz & Gazda, Wiesław, 2019. "Exergetic and thermo-ecological assessment of heat pump supported by electricity from renewable sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 404-412.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jedrzej Bylka & Tomasz Mróz, 2020. "Exergy Evaluation of a Water Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Zhu, Tingting & Ommen, Torben & Meesenburg, Wiebke & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Elmegaard, Brian, 2021. "Steady state behavior of a booster heat pump for hot water supply in ultra-low temperature district heating network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    3. Dorotić, Hrvoje & Pukšec, Tomislav & Duić, Neven, 2019. "Economical, environmental and exergetic multi-objective optimization of district heating systems on hourly level for a whole year," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.

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