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Is It Possible to Supply Norwegian Apartment Blocks with 4th Generation District Heating?

Author

Listed:
  • Øystein Rønneseth

    (SINTEF Building and Infrastructure, Høgskoleringen 7B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Nina Holck Sandberg

    (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Igor Sartori

    (SINTEF Building and Infrastructure, Forskningsveien 3B, 0373 Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

Direct electricity is widely used for heating purposes in Norway, leading to significant strain on the electricity grid during the heating season. Conversion to 4th generation district heating (4GDH) is an effective method for reducing the need for large investments in the electricity grid, while simultaneously improving the energy efficiency of district heating systems. This article evaluates the possibility of reducing the supply temperature in existing Norwegian apartment blocks by improving the thermal envelope and reducing the temperature levels for the heating system. The analysis is based on simulations in IDA ICE (IDA Indoor Climate and Energy) focusing on whether the reduced supply temperature guarantees thermal comfort in the building, considering the coldest room with a heating setpoint of 22 °C. Based on a recommended minimum acceptable indoor temperature of 19 °C from the Norwegian building regulations (TEK), it should be possible to lower the radiator supply temperature from 80 to 60 °C for apartment blocks newer than 1971. For older buildings, an “intermediate” renovation is necessary to maintain temperatures above 19 °C, however, a “standard” renovation is recommended to ensure thermal comfort and improve the energy efficiency of the building stock.

Suggested Citation

  • Øystein Rønneseth & Nina Holck Sandberg & Igor Sartori, 2019. "Is It Possible to Supply Norwegian Apartment Blocks with 4th Generation District Heating?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:5:p:941-:d:213037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Werner, S. & Möller, B. & Persson, U. & Boermans, T. & Trier, D. & Østergaard, P.A. & Nielsen, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 475-489.
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    Cited by:

    1. Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Tunzi, Michele & Salenbien, Robbe & Hansen, Kasper Klan & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Implementation of a strategy for low-temperature operation of radiator systems using data from existing digital heat cost allocators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    2. Janusz Adamczyk & Robert Dylewski, 2020. "Ecological and Economic Benefits of the “Medium” Level of the Building Thermo-Modernization: A Case Study in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    4. Gerald Schweiger & Fabian Kuttin & Alfred Posch, 2019. "District Heating Systems: An Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of the 4GDH," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Nielsen, Tore Bach & Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Duic, Neven & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2021. "Perspectives on energy efficiency and smart energy systems from the 5th SESAAU2019 conference," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    6. Pothof, I. & Vreeken, D. & Meerkerk, M. van, 2023. "Data-driven method for optimized supply temperatures in residential buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    7. Tunzi, Michele & Benakopoulos, Theofanis & Yang, Qinjiang & Svendsen, Svend, 2023. "Demand side digitalisation: A methodology using heat cost allocators and energy meters to secure low-temperature operations in existing buildings connected to district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    8. Antoine Reguis & Behrang Vand & John Currie, 2021. "Challenges for the Transition to Low-Temperature Heat in the UK: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, November.

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