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Sustainable Groundwater Exploitation Aiming at the Reduction of Water Vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

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  • Roberto Gomes Cavalcante Júnior

    (Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFRN), Natal 59015-000, Brazil
    Energy Planning Program (PPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, Brazil)

  • Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas

    (Energy Planning Program (PPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, Brazil
    International Virtual Institute of Global Changes, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil)

  • Neilton Fidelis da Silva

    (Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFRN), Natal 59015-000, Brazil
    Energy Planning Program (PPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, Brazil
    International Virtual Institute of Global Changes, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil)

  • Franklin Rocha de Azevedo Filho

    (Ministry of the Environment of Brazil, Brasília 70000-000, Brazil)

Abstract

Semi-arid regions have historically suffered from low water availability. In addition, the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events credited to global climate change has made it increasingly clear that among the challenges faced by society water resource management is extremely necessary. In this context, desalination based on renewable energy resources integrated with production systems that make use of the waste resulting from this process becomes a socio-environmentally indicated alternative to expand existing supply strategies and sustainable water use in isolated locations, and/or areas distant from large urban centers, thus addressing local potential and reducing environmental impacts. This study assesses the use of Photovoltaic Solar Power Plants (PSPPs), as well as of residues generated in a Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis System (BWRO), in productive units linked to fish and family farming. This is as an alternative way to reduce water vulnerability in the Brazilian semi-arid area (BS), adhering to climate change adaptation measures in the light of Brazilian public policies through the Freshwater Program ( Programa Água Doce —PAD), which aims to promote access to good quality water to approximately 500 thousand people in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Gomes Cavalcante Júnior & Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas & Neilton Fidelis da Silva & Franklin Rocha de Azevedo Filho, 2019. "Sustainable Groundwater Exploitation Aiming at the Reduction of Water Vulnerability in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:5:p:904-:d:212231
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    2. Caio Cesar Moreira Chagas & Marcio Giannini Pereira & Luiz Pinguelli Rosa & Neilton Fidelis da Silva & Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas & Julian David Hunt, 2020. "From Megawatts to Kilowatts: A Review of Small Wind Turbine Applications, Lessons From The US to Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-25, April.
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    4. Henderson Castelo Sousa & Geocleber Gomes de Sousa & Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana & Arthur Prudêncio de Araújo Pereira & Carla Ingryd Nojosa Lessa & Maria Vanessa Pires de Souza & José Marcelo da S, 2023. "Bacillus aryabhattai Mitigates the Effects of Salt and Water Stress on the Agronomic Performance of Maize under an Agroecological System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-20, May.
    5. Clément Lacroix & Maxime Perier-Muzet & Driss Stitou, 2019. "Dynamic Modeling and Preliminary Performance Analysis of a New Solar Thermal Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-32, October.
    6. Esmaeil Ahmadi & Benjamin McLellan & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Tetsuo Tezuka, 2020. "The Role of Renewable Energy Resources in Sustainability of Water Desalination as a Potential Fresh-Water Source: An Updated Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-31, June.
    7. Esmaeil Ahmadi & Benjamin McLellan & Seiichi Ogata & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Tetsuo Tezuka, 2020. "An Integrated Planning Framework for Sustainable Water and Energy Supply," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-37, May.
    8. Jean Carlos da Silva Galdino & Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas & Neilton Fidelis da Silva & Marcio Giannini Pereira & João Marcelo Dias Ferreira, 2020. "Creating the Path for Sustainability: Inserting Solar PV in São Francisco Transposition Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-27, October.

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