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An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits

Author

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  • Venkata Anand Prabhala

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401, USA)

  • Bhanu Prashant Baddipadiga

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401, USA)

  • Poria Fajri

    (Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA)

  • Mehdi Ferdowsi

    (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65401, USA)

Abstract

This paper examines existing and future direct current (DC) distribution systems with a wide range of applications in data centers, telecommunication systems, commercial buildings, residential homes, electric vehicles, spacecraft, and aircrafts. DC distribution systems have many advantages and disadvantages over their alternating current (AC) counterparts. There are a few surviving examples of DC distribution systems; among them are the telecommunication systems and data centers that use the low-voltage 48 Vdc systems. However, recently, there has been a move towards higher DC bus voltages. In this paper, a comparative study of different DC distribution architectures and bus structures is presented and voltage level selection is discussed for maximizing system efficiency and reliability, reducing system costs, and increasing the flexibility of the system for future expansion. Furthermore, DC distribution systems are investigated from a safety standpoint and the current global market for these distribution systems is also discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Venkata Anand Prabhala & Bhanu Prashant Baddipadiga & Poria Fajri & Mehdi Ferdowsi, 2018. "An Overview of Direct Current Distribution System Architectures & Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:9:p:2463-:d:170212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Mariscotti, 2021. "Power Quality Phenomena, Standards, and Proposed Metrics for DC Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-41, October.
    2. Mena ElMenshawy & Ahmed Massoud, 2022. "Medium-Voltage DC-DC Converter Topologies for Electric Bus Fast Charging Stations: State-of-the-Art Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-20, July.
    3. José M. Maza-Ortega & Juan M. Mauricio & Manuel Barragán-Villarejo & Charis Demoulias & Antonio Gómez-Expósito, 2019. "Ancillary Services in Hybrid AC/DC Low Voltage Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-22, September.
    4. Boning Wu & Xuesong Zhou & Youjie Ma, 2020. "Bus Voltage Control of DC Distribution Network Based on Sliding Mode Active Disturbance Rejection Control Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Saeed Habibi & Ramin Rahimi & Mehdi Ferdowsi & Pourya Shamsi, 2021. "DC Bus Voltage Selection for a Grid-Connected Low-Voltage DC Residential Nanogrid Using Real Data with Modified Load Profiles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, October.
    6. Avpreet Othee & James Cale & Arthur Santos & Stephen Frank & Daniel Zimmerle & Omkar Ghatpande & Gerald Duggan & Daniel Gerber, 2023. "A Modeling Toolkit for Comparing AC and DC Electrical Distribution Efficiency in Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-46, March.
    7. Arthur Santos & Gerald Duggan & Stephen Frank & Daniel Gerber & Daniel Zimmerle, 2021. "Endpoint Use Efficiency Comparison for AC and DC Power Distribution in Commercial Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    8. Young-Maan Cho & Hyun-Jong Park & Jae-Jun Lee & Kun-A Lee, 2022. "Analysis of Characteristics of Low Voltage Circuit Breaker by External Magnetic Field," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-15, November.
    9. Ahmed Y. Farag & Tarek Younis & Davide Biadene & Paolo Mattavelli, 2023. "AC Grid–DC Microgrid Coupling with High-Performance Three-Phase Single-Stage Bidirectional Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, August.
    10. Moazzam Nazir & Omkar Ghatpande & Willy Bernal Heredia & Cameron Wierzbanowski & Daniel Gerber & Avijit Saha, 2021. "Standardizing Performance Metrics for Building-Level Electrical Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    11. Van-Long Pham & Keiji Wada, 2020. "Applications of Triple Active Bridge Converter for Future Grid and Integrated Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, April.
    12. Chunwang Xiaogeng LiRen & Xiaojun Ma & Fuxiang Chen & Zhicheng Yang & Sandeep Panchal, 2022. "Simulation and inspection of fault arc in building energy-saving distribution system," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 13(1), pages 331-339, March.
    13. Chen, Xiaoyuan & Jiang, Shan & Chen, Yu & Lei, Yi & Zhang, Donghui & Zhang, Mingshun & Gou, Huayu & Shen, Boyang, 2022. "A 10 MW class data center with ultra-dense high-efficiency energy distribution: Design and economic evaluation of superconducting DC busbar networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    14. Andrea Mariscotti & Leonardo Sandrolini & Mattia Simonazzi, 2022. "Supraharmonic Emissions from DC Grid Connected Wireless Power Transfer Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-21, July.
    15. Maximiliano Lainfiesta Herrera & Hassan S. Hayajneh & Xuewei Zhang, 2021. "DC Communities: Transformative Building Blocks of the Emerging Energy Infrastructure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-8, November.
    16. Jianjia He & Thi Hoai Thuong Mai, 2021. "The Circular Economy: A Study on the Use of Airbnb for Sustainable Coastal Development in the Vietnam Mekong Delta," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, July.

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