IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v11y2018i9p2202-d165236.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Review of Tip Clearance in Propeller, Pump and Turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Yabin Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Lei Tan

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Binbin Wang

    (Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA)

Abstract

Propellers, pumps, and turbines are widely applied in marine equipment, water systems, and hydropower stations. With the increasing demand for energy conservation and environmental protection, the high efficiency and the stable operation of pumps and turbine have been drawing great attention in recent decades. However, the tip clearance between the rotating impeller and the stationary shroud can induce leakage flow and interact with the main stream, introducing complex vortex structures. Consequently, the energy performance and the operation stability of pumps and turbines deteriorate considerably. Constant efforts are exerted to investigate the flow mechanism of tip-clearance flow and its induced influence on performance. However, due to various pump and turbine types and the complexity of tip-clearance flow, previous works are usually focused on a specific issue. Therefore, a systematic review that synthesizes the related research is necessary and meaningful. This review investigates related research in the recent two decades in the perspectives from fundamental physics to engineering applications. Results reveal the vortex types, trajectory, evolution, and cavitation behaviors induced by tip-clearance flow. It is concluded that the influence characteristics of tip clearance on energy performance are closely related to the machinery type. Tip-clearance size and tip shape are found to be crucial parameters for tip-leakage vortex (TLV). The proposed optimization schemes are also demonstrated to provide inspiration for future research. Overall, this review article provides a coherent insight into the characteristics of tip-clearance flow and the associated engineering-design applications. On the basis of these understandings, comments on conducted research and ideas on future research are proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Yabin Liu & Lei Tan & Binbin Wang, 2018. "A Review of Tip Clearance in Propeller, Pump and Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-30, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:9:p:2202-:d:165236
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/9/2202/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/9/2202/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Method of C groove on vortex suppression and energy performance improvement for a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance in tidal energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 448-461.
    2. Amponsah, Nana Yaw & Troldborg, Mads & Kington, Bethany & Aalders, Inge & Hough, Rupert Lloyd, 2014. "Greenhouse gas emissions from renewable energy sources: A review of lifecycle considerations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 461-475.
    3. Yabin Liu & Lei Tan & Yue Hao & Yun Xu, 2017. "Energy Performance and Flow Patterns of a Mixed-Flow Pump with Different Tip Clearance Sizes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, February.
    4. Wenwu Zhang & Zhiyi Yu & Baoshan Zhu, 2017. "Influence of Tip Clearance on Pressure Fluctuation in Low Specific Speed Mixed-Flow Pump Passage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-16, January.
    5. Ravi Koirala & Baoshan Zhu & Hari Prasad Neopane, 2016. "Effect of Guide Vane Clearance Gap on Francis Turbine Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-14, April.
    6. Yabin Liu & Lei Tan & Ming Liu & Yue Hao & Yun Xu, 2017. "Influence of Prewhirl Angle and Axial Distance on Energy Performance and Pressure Fluctuation for a Centrifugal Pump with Inlet Guide Vanes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-14, May.
    7. Yue Hao & Lei Tan & Yabin Liu & Yun Xu & Jinsong Zhang & Baoshan Zhu, 2017. "Energy Performance and Radial Force of a Mixed-Flow Pump with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Tip Clearances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, January.
    8. Coelho, B. & Andrade-Campos, A., 2014. "Efficiency achievement in water supply systems—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 59-84.
    9. Guo, Qiang & Zhou, Lingjiu & Wang, Zhengwei, 2016. "Numerical evaluation of the clearance geometries effect on the flow field and performance of a hydrofoil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 390-397.
    10. Hao, Yue & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Symmetrical and unsymmetrical tip clearances on cavitation performance and radial force of a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 368-376.
    11. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Tip clearance on pressure fluctuation intensity and vortex characteristic of a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 606-615.
    12. Thakker, A. & Dhanasekaran, T.S., 2004. "Computed effects of tip clearance on performance of impulse turbine for wave energy conversion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 529-547.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Han, Yadong & Tan, Lei, 2020. "Influence of rotating speed on tip leakage vortex in a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 144-150.
    2. Zhijian Li & Wei Wang & Xiang Ji & Xiaofang Wang, 2021. "Investigation of Water Injection Influence on Cloud Cavitating Vortical Flow for a NACA66 (MOD) Hydrofoil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Zhenwei Huang & Yadong Han & Lei Tan & Chuibing Huang, 2019. "Influence of T-Shape Tip Clearance on Energy Performance and Broadband Noise for a NACA0009 Hydrofoil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-13, October.
    4. Nirmal Acharya & Saroj Gautam & Sailesh Chitrakar & Chirag Trivedi & Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, 2021. "Leakage Vortex Progression through a Guide Vane’s Clearance Gap and the Resulting Pressure Fluctuation in a Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
    5. Yong-In Kim & Sang-Yeol Lee & Kyoung-Yong Lee & Sang-Ho Yang & Young-Seok Choi, 2020. "Numerical Investigation of Performance and Flow Characteristics of a Tunnel Ventilation Axial Fan with Thickness Profile Treatments of NACA Airfoil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-29, November.
    6. Huang, Zhenwei & Huang, Zhenyou & Fan, Honggang, 2020. "Influence of C groove on energy performance and noise source of a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 726-735.
    7. Shuli Hong & Guoping Huang & Yuxuan Yang & Zepeng Liu, 2018. "Introduction of DMD Method to Study the Dynamic Structures of a Three-Dimensional Centrifugal Compressor with and without Flow Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-12, November.
    8. Kan, Kan & Binama, Maxime & Chen, Huixiang & Zheng, Yuan & Zhou, Daqing & Su, Wentao & Muhirwa, Alexis, 2022. "Pump as turbine cavitation performance for both conventional and reverse operating modes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Shi, Guangtai & Liu, Zongku & Xiao, Yexiang & Yang, Hong & Li, Helin & Liu, Xiaobing, 2020. "Effect of the inlet gas void fraction on the tip leakage vortex in a multiphase pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 46-57.
    10. Thomazoni, André Luis Ribeiro & Ermel, Conrado & Schneider, Paulo Smith & Vieira, Lara Werncke & Hunt, Julian David & Ferreira, Sandro Barros & Rech, Charles & Gouvêa, Vinicius Santorum, 2022. "Influence of operational parameters on the performance of Tesla turbines: Experimental investigation of a small-scale turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    11. Xiangyu Su & Xiaodong Ren & Xuesong Li & Chunwei Gu, 2019. "Unsteadiness of Tip Leakage Flow in the Detached-Eddy Simulation on a Transonic Rotor with Vortex Breakdown Phenomenon," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, March.
    12. Shi, Guangtai & Liu, Zongku & Xiao, Yexiang & Li, Helin & Liu, Xiaobing, 2020. "Tip leakage vortex trajectory and dynamics in a multiphase pump at off-design condition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 703-711.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Yabin & Han, Yadong & Tan, Lei & Wang, Yuming, 2020. "Blade rotation angle on energy performance and tip leakage vortex in a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    2. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Tip clearance on pressure fluctuation intensity and vortex characteristic of a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 606-615.
    3. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2020. "Method of T shape tip on energy improvement of a hydrofoil with tip clearance in tidal energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 42-54.
    4. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2020. "Influence of C groove on suppressing vortex and cavitation for a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance in tidal energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 907-922.
    5. Yu Song & Honggang Fan & Wei Zhang & Zhifeng Xie, 2019. "Flow Characteristics in Volute of a Double-Suction Centrifugal Pump with Different Impeller Arrangements," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, February.
    6. Zhenwei Huang & Yadong Han & Lei Tan & Chuibing Huang, 2019. "Influence of T-Shape Tip Clearance on Energy Performance and Broadband Noise for a NACA0009 Hydrofoil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-13, October.
    7. Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Method of C groove on vortex suppression and energy performance improvement for a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance in tidal energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 448-461.
    8. Han, Yadong & Tan, Lei, 2020. "Dynamic mode decomposition and reconstruction of tip leakage vortex in a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 725-734.
    9. Shi, Guangtai & Liu, Zongku & Xiao, Yexiang & Yang, Hong & Li, Helin & Liu, Xiaobing, 2020. "Effect of the inlet gas void fraction on the tip leakage vortex in a multiphase pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 46-57.
    10. Han, Yadong & Tan, Lei, 2020. "Influence of rotating speed on tip leakage vortex in a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 144-150.
    11. Kan, Kan & Zhang, Qingying & Xu, Zhe & Zheng, Yuan & Gao, Qiang & Shen, Lian, 2022. "Energy loss mechanism due to tip leakage flow of axial flow pump as turbine under various operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    12. Sotoude Haghighi, M.H. & Mirghavami, S.M. & Chini, S.F. & Riasi, A., 2019. "Developing a method to design and simulation of a very low head axial turbine with adjustable rotor blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 266-276.
    13. Huang, Zhenwei & Huang, Zhenyou & Fan, Honggang, 2020. "Influence of C groove on energy performance and noise source of a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 726-735.
    14. Shi, Guangtai & Liu, Zongku & Xiao, Yexiang & Li, Helin & Liu, Xiaobing, 2020. "Tip leakage vortex trajectory and dynamics in a multiphase pump at off-design condition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 703-711.
    15. Hao, Yue & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Symmetrical and unsymmetrical tip clearances on cavitation performance and radial force of a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 368-376.
    16. Jinsong Zhang & Lei Tan, 2018. "Energy Performance and Pressure Fluctuation of a Multiphase Pump with Different Gas Volume Fractions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, May.
    17. Alemi Arani, Hamed & Fathi, Mohammad & Raisee, Mehrdad & Nourbakhsh, Seyed Ahmad, 2019. "The effect of tongue geometry on pump performance in reverse mode: An experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 717-727.
    18. Liu, Ming & Tan, Lei & Cao, Shuliang, 2019. "Dynamic mode decomposition of gas-liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1159-1175.
    19. Binama, Maxime & Su, Wen-Tao & Cai, Wei-Hua & Li, Xiao-Bin & Muhirwa, Alexis & Li, Biao & Bisengimana, Emmanuel, 2019. "Blade trailing edge position influencing pump as turbine (PAT) pressure field under part-load conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 33-47.
    20. Han, Yadong & Liu, Yabin & Tan, Lei, 2022. "Method of variable-depth groove on vortex and cavitation suppression for a NACA0009 hydrofoil with tip clearance in tidal energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 546-559.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:9:p:2202-:d:165236. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.