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State-of-Charge Balancing Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter with an Integrated Battery Energy Storage

Author

Listed:
  • Hui Liang

    (National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center (NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Long Guo

    (Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China)

  • Junhong Song

    (National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center (NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Yong Yang

    (National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center (NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Weige Zhang

    (National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center (NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Hongfeng Qi

    (CRRC Industrial Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100071, China)

Abstract

With the fast development of the electric vehicle industry, the reuse of second-life batteries in vehicles are becoming more attractive, however, both the state-of-charge (SOC) inconsistency and the capacity inconsistency of second-life batteries have limits in their utilization. This paper focuses on the second-life batteries applied battery energy storage system (BESS) based on modular multilevel converter (MMC). By analyzing the power flow characteristics among all sources within the MMC-BESS, a three-level SOC equilibrium control strategy aiming to battery capacity inconsistency is proposed to balance the energy of batteries, which includes SOC balance among three-phase legs, SOC balance between the upper and lower arms of each phase, and SOC balance of submodules within each arm. In battery charging and discharging control, by introducing power regulations based on battery capacity proportion of three-phase legs, capacity deviation between the upper and lower’s arm, and the capacity coefficient of the submodule into the SOC feedback control loop, SOC balance of all battery modules is accomplished, thus effectively improving the energy utilization of second-life battery energy storage system. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methods are verified by results obtained from simulations and the experimental platform.

Suggested Citation

  • Hui Liang & Long Guo & Junhong Song & Yong Yang & Weige Zhang & Hongfeng Qi, 2018. "State-of-Charge Balancing Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter with an Integrated Battery Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:873-:d:140227
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Diao, Weiping & Xue, Nan & Bhattacharjee, Vikram & Jiang, Jiuchun & Karabasoglu, Orkun & Pecht, Michael, 2018. "Active battery cell equalization based on residual available energy maximization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 690-698.
    2. Junhong Song & Weige Zhang & Hui Liang & Jiuchun Jiang & Wensong Yu, 2018. "Fault-Tolerant Control for a Flexible Group Battery Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Multilevel Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Weiping Diao & Jiuchun Jiang & Hui Liang & Caiping Zhang & Yan Jiang & Leyi Wang & Biqiang Mu, 2016. "Flexible Grouping for Enhanced Energy Utilization Efficiency in Battery Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-15, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chuanping Wu & Yu Liu & Tiannian Zhou & Shiran Cao, 2022. "A Multistage Current Charging Method for Energy Storage Device of Microgrid Considering Energy Consumption and Capacity of Lithium Battery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Yajun Ma & Hua Lin & Zhe Wang & Zuyao Ze, 2018. "Modified State-of-Charge Balancing Control of Modular Multilevel Converter with Integrated Battery Energy Storage System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, December.
    3. Yantao Liao & Jun You & Jun Yang & Zuo Wang & Long Jin, 2018. "Disturbance-Observer-Based Model Predictive Control for Battery Energy Storage System Modular Multilevel Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Zhe Wang & Hua Lin & Yajun Ma, 2019. "A Control Strategy of Modular Multilevel Converter with Integrated Battery Energy Storage System Based on Battery Side Capacitor Voltage Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-21, June.
    5. Teuvo Suntio & Tuomas Messo, 2019. "Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-5, May.
    6. Mudhafar Al-Saadi & Maher Al-Greer & Michael Short, 2021. "Strategies for Controlling Microgrid Networks with Energy Storage Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-45, November.

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