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Study on Variation of Internal Heat Gain in Office Buildings by Chronology

Author

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  • Hyemi Kim

    (Graduated School, Department of Architectural Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea)

  • Kyung-soon Park

    (Architectural Engineering Major, Division of Urban, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea)

  • Hwan-yong Kim

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea)

  • Young-hak Song

    (Department of Architectural Engineering, ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea)

Abstract

The additional process of load calculation during the retrofit of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment has been generally omitted in Korea, in recent years. Instead, a simple replacement of HVAC equipment, based on existing HVAC capacities, has been used, which is limited when taking the variation of internal heat gain into consideration, due to changes in the consumption power due to light and office automation (OA) equipment in recent years. Thus, this study aimed to identify a change in internal heat gains over 30 years, from 1985 to 2015, study investigated actual measurement-based academic papers and catalogs about OA equipment, lighting, and the number of occupants per unit area. The heat load produced from OA equipment has increased by approximately 49.6% in 2015 compared to that of 1980, and the heat load from lighting equipment has decreased by 47% compared to that of fluorescent-based lighting, and the heat load from human bodies was approximately 10 W/m 2 on average, which showed a minimal change over the past 30 years. The internal heat gain calculated for 30,000 m 2 of total floor area has increased constantly for the last 30 years. Note that the internal heat gains were designed excessively, as the values used in literature was approximately 17% to 50% smaller than the value used normally in the case of pre-2000 designs, and the values used after 2000 were approximately 35% to 50% smaller than the design standard value.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyemi Kim & Kyung-soon Park & Hwan-yong Kim & Young-hak Song, 2018. "Study on Variation of Internal Heat Gain in Office Buildings by Chronology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:4:p:1013-:d:142370
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kawamoto, Kaoru & Koomey, Jonathan G & Nordman, Bruce & Brown, Richard E & Piette, Mary Ann & Ting, Michael & Meier, Alan K, 2002. "Electricity used by office equipment and network equipment in the US," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 255-269.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hyemi Kim & Kyung-soon Park & Soolyeon Cho & Young-hak Song, 2019. "A Study on Utility of Retrofit that Minimizes the Replacement of Heat-Source System in Large Offices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Marcin Kaczmarzyk & Aleksander Starakiewicz & Aleksander Waśniowski, 2020. "Internal Heat Gains in a Lunar Base—A Contemporary Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-28, June.
    3. Francesco Carlucci & Francesco Fiorito, 2024. "Simulation of Responsive Envelopes in Current and Future Climate Scenarios: A New Interactive Computational Platform for Energy Analyses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-26, October.
    4. Hyemi Kim & Kyung-soon Park & Hwan-yong Kim & Young-hak Song, 2019. "A Study on the Changes in the Heat Source Capacity and Air-Conditioning Load due to Retrofit; Focusing on a Large Office Building in Korea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, March.
    5. Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos & Dimitra Papadaki & Francesco Tariello & Giuseppe Peter Vanoli, 2020. "A Holistic Approach for Energy Renovation of the Town Hall Building in a Typical Small City of Southern Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-36, September.

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