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Energy Benchmarking in Educational Buildings through Cluster Analysis of Energy Retrofitting

Author

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  • Paola Marrone

    (Department of Architecture, Roma TRE University, Via della Madonna dei Monti 40, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Paola Gori

    (Department of Engineering, Roma TRE University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy)

  • Francesco Asdrubali

    (Department of Engineering, Roma TRE University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy)

  • Luca Evangelisti

    (Department of Engineering, Roma TRE University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy)

  • Laura Calcagnini

    (Department of Architecture, Roma TRE University, Via della Madonna dei Monti 40, 00184 Rome, Italy)

  • Gianluca Grazieschi

    (Department of Engineering, Niccolò Cusano University, Via don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

A large part of the stock of Italian educational buildings have undertaken energy retrofit interventions, thanks to European funds allocated by complex technical-administrative calls. In these projects, the suggested retrofit strategies are often selected based on the common best practices (considering average energy savings) but are not supported by proper energy investigations. In this paper, Italian school buildings’ stock was analyzed by cluster analysis with the aim of providing a methodology able to identify the best energy retrofit interventions from the perspective of cost-benefit, and to correlate them with the specific characteristics of the educational buildings. This research is based on the analysis of about 80 school buildings located in central Italy and characterized by different features and construction technologies. The refurbished buildings were classified in homogeneous clusters and, for each of them, the most representative building was identified. Furthermore, for each representative building a validating procedure based on dynamic simulations and a comparison with actual energy use was performed. The two buildings thus singled out provide a model that could be developed into a useful tool for Public Administrations to suggest priorities in the planning of new energy retrofits of existing school building stocks.

Suggested Citation

  • Paola Marrone & Paola Gori & Francesco Asdrubali & Luca Evangelisti & Laura Calcagnini & Gianluca Grazieschi, 2018. "Energy Benchmarking in Educational Buildings through Cluster Analysis of Energy Retrofitting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:3:p:649-:d:136272
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Georgios Martinopoulos & Vasiliki Kikidou & Dimitrios Bozis, 2018. "Energy Assessment of Building Physics Principles in Secondary Education Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, October.
    6. Miroslav Variny, 2021. "Comment on Pietrapertosa et al. How to Prioritize Energy Efficiency Intervention in Municipal Public Buildings to Decrease CO 2 Emissions? A Case Study from Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, April.
    7. Anna Życzyńska & Zbigniew Suchorab & Jan Kočí & Robert Černý, 2020. "Energy Effects of Retrofitting the Educational Facilities Located in South-Eastern Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    8. Thomas Wu & Bo Wang & Dongdong Zhang & Ziwei Zhao & Hongyu Zhu, 2023. "Benchmarking Evaluation of Building Energy Consumption Based on Data Mining," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    9. Vaisi, Salah & Varmazyari, Pouya & Esfandiari, Masoud & Sharbaf, Sara A., 2023. "Developing a multi-level energy benchmarking and certification system for office buildings in a cold climate region," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    10. Antonino D’Amico & Domenico Panno & Giuseppina Ciulla & Antonio Messineo, 2020. "Multi-Energy School System for Seasonal Use in the Mediterranean Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-27, October.
    11. Dariusz Bajno & Agnieszka Grzybowska & Łukasz Bednarz, 2021. "Old and Modern Wooden Buildings in the Context of Sustainable Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-31, September.
    12. Geraldi, Matheus Soares & Ghisi, Enedir, 2022. "Integrating evidence-based thermal satisfaction in energy benchmarking: A data-driven approach for a whole-building evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    13. Piotr Michalak & Krzysztof Szczotka & Jakub Szymiczek, 2021. "Energy Effectiveness or Economic Profitability? A Case Study of Thermal Modernization of a School Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, April.
    14. Attia, Shady & Shadmanfar, Niloufar & Ricci, Federico, 2020. "Developing two benchmark models for nearly zero energy schools," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    15. Cesare Biserni & Paolo Valdiserri & Dario D’Orazio & Massimo Garai, 2018. "Energy Retrofitting Strategies and Economic Assessments: The Case Study of a Residential Complex Using Utility Bills," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-15, August.
    16. Prataviera, Enrico & Vivian, Jacopo & Lombardo, Giulia & Zarrella, Angelo, 2022. "Evaluation of the impact of input uncertainty on urban building energy simulations using uncertainty and sensitivity analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    17. Frida Bazzocchi & Cecilia Ciacci & Vincenzo Di Naso, 2021. "Evaluation of Environmental and Economic Sustainability for the Building Envelope of Low-Carbon Schools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-22, February.

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