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Experimental Study of Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants as Thickeners for Clean Fracturing Fluids

Author

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  • Shanfa Tang

    (Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas in Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
    School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China)

  • Yahui Zheng

    (School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China)

  • Weipeng Yang

    (McDougall School of Petroleum Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA)

  • Jiaxin Wang

    (School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China)

  • Yingkai Fan

    (School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China)

  • Jun Lu

    (McDougall School of Petroleum Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA)

Abstract

Hydraulic fracturing is one of the important methods to improve oil and gas production. The performance of the fracturing fluid directly affects the success of hydraulic fracturing. The traditional cross-linked polymer fracturing fluid can cause secondary damage to oil and gas reservoirs due to the poor flow-back of the fracturing fluid, and existing conventional cleaning fracturing fluids have poor performance in high temperature. Therefore, this paper has carried out research on novel sulfonate Gemini surfactant cleaning fracturing fluids. The rheological properties of a series of sulfonate Gemini surfactant (DSm-s-m) solutions at different temperatures and constant shear rate (170 s −1 ) were tested for optimizing the temperature-resistance and thickening properties of anionic Gemini surfactants in clean fracturing fluid. At the same time, the microstructures of solutions were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results showed that the viscosity of the sulfonate Gemini surfactant solution varied with the spacer group and the hydrophobic chain at 65 °C and 170 s −1 , wherein DS18-3-18 had excellent viscosity-increasing properties. Furthermore, the microstructure of 4 wt.% DS18-3-18 solution demonstrated that DS18-3-18 self-assembled into dense layered micelles, and the micelles intertwined with each other to form the network structure, promoting the increase in solution viscosity. Adding nano-MgO can increase the temperature-resistance of 4 wt.% DS18-3-18 solution, which indicated that the rod-like and close-packed layered micelles were beneficial to the improvement of the temperature-resistance and thickening performances of the DS18-3-18 solution. DS18-3-18 was not only easy to formulate, but also stable in all aspects. Due to its low molecular weight, the damage to the formation was close to zero and the insoluble residue was almost zero because of the absence of breaker, so it could be used as a thickener for clean fracturing fluids in tight reservoirs.

Suggested Citation

  • Shanfa Tang & Yahui Zheng & Weipeng Yang & Jiaxin Wang & Yingkai Fan & Jun Lu, 2018. "Experimental Study of Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants as Thickeners for Clean Fracturing Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3182-:d:183342
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rui, Zhenhua & Wang, Xiaoqing & Zhang, Zhien & Lu, Jun & Chen, Gang & Zhou, Xiyu & Patil, Shirish, 2018. "A realistic and integrated model for evaluating oil sands development with Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage technology in Canada," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 76-91.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jianchao Cai & Zhien Zhang & Qinjun Kang & Harpreet Singh, 2019. "Recent Advances in Flow and Transport Properties of Unconventional Reservoirs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-5, May.
    2. Muhammad Shahzad Kamal, 2019. "A Novel Approach to Stabilize Foam Using Fluorinated Surfactants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-12, March.

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