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Evaluation of the Internal and Borehole Resistances during Thermal Response Tests and Impact on Ground Heat Exchanger Design

Author

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  • Louis Lamarche

    (De génie mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C1K3, Canada)

  • Jasmin Raymond

    (Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Québec City, QC G1K9A9, Canada)

  • Claude Hugo Koubikana Pambou

    (Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Québec City, QC G1K9A9, Canada)

Abstract

The main parameters evaluated with a conventional thermal response test (TRT) are the subsurface thermal conductivity surrounding the borehole and the effective borehole thermal resistance, when averaging the inlet and outlet temperature of a ground heat exchanger with the arithmetic mean. This effective resistance depends on two resistances: the 2D borehole resistance ( R b ) and the 2D internal resistance ( R a ) which is associated to the short-circuit effect between pipes in the borehole. This paper presents a field method to evaluate these two components separately. Two approaches are proposed. In the first case, the temperature at the bottom of the borehole is measured at the same time as the inlet and outlet temperatures as done in a conventional TRT. In the second case, different flow rates are used during the experiment to infer the internal resistance. Both approaches assumed a predefined temperature profile inside the borehole. The methods were applied to real experimental tests and compared with numerical simulations. Interesting results were found by comparison with theoretical resistances calculated with the multipole method. The motivation for this work is evidenced by analyzing the impact of the internal resistance on a typical geothermal system design. It is shown to be important to know both resistance components to predict the variation of the effective resistance when the flow rate and the height of the boreholes are changed during the design process.

Suggested Citation

  • Louis Lamarche & Jasmin Raymond & Claude Hugo Koubikana Pambou, 2017. "Evaluation of the Internal and Borehole Resistances during Thermal Response Tests and Impact on Ground Heat Exchanger Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2017:i:1:p:38-:d:124306
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Spitler, Jeffrey D. & Gehlin, Signhild E.A., 2015. "Thermal response testing for ground source heat pump systems—An historical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1125-1137.
    2. Beier, Richard A. & Spitler, Jeffrey D., 2016. "Weighted average of inlet and outlet temperatures in borehole heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 118-129.
    3. Wagner, Valentin & Bayer, Peter & Kübert, Markus & Blum, Philipp, 2012. "Numerical sensitivity study of thermal response tests," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 245-253.
    4. Witte, Henk J.L., 2013. "Error analysis of thermal response tests," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 302-311.
    5. Beier, Richard A., 2011. "Vertical temperature profile in ground heat exchanger during in-situ test," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 1578-1587.
    6. Acuña, José & Palm, Björn, 2013. "Distributed thermal response tests on pipe-in-pipe borehole heat exchangers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 312-320.
    7. Marcotte, D. & Pasquier, P., 2008. "On the estimation of thermal resistance in borehole thermal conductivity test," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 2407-2415.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hobyung Chae & Katsunori Nagano & Yoshitaka Sakata & Takao Katsura & Ahmed A. Serageldin & Takeshi Kondo, 2020. "Analysis of Relaxation Time of Temperature in Thermal Response Test for Design of Borehole Size," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Tomislav Kurevija & Adib Kalantar & Marija Macenić & Josipa Hranić, 2019. "Investigation of Steady-State Heat Extraction Rates for Different Borehole Heat Exchanger Configurations from the Aspect of Implementation of New TurboCollector™ Pipe System Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-17, April.
    3. Joanna Piotrowska-Woroniak, 2021. "Determination of the Selected Wells Operational Power with Borehole Heat Exchangers Operating in Real Conditions, Based on Experimental Tests," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, April.

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