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Kinetics and Mechanism of NaOH-Impregnated Calcined Oyster Shell-Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil

Author

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  • Han Jin

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA)

  • Praveen Kolar

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA)

  • Steven W. Peretti

    (Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA)

  • Jason A. Osborne

    (Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8203, USA)

  • Jay J. Cheng

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-2765, USA)

Abstract

The objective of this research is to develop a kinetic model to describe the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol using NaOH-impregnated calcined oyster shell (Na-COS). Batch experiments were performed via a two-factor randomized complete block design using a molar ratio of methanol to oil (MR) of 6, 12, and 18 and catalyst loadings (CL) (mass of catalyst/mass of oil in %) of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% to obtain fatty acid methyl ester yields. In addition, the catalyst was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time-of-flight secondary ion spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) to elucidate the role of the catalyst in the transesterification reaction. XRD and XPS analyses suggested that the formation of sodium peroxide (Na 2 O 2 ) on the surface contributed to catalytic activity. The TOF-SIMS analysis suggested that the transesterification occurred between adsorbed triglyceride and free methanol, similar to the Eley-Rideal mechanism. The transesterification of adsorbed triglyceride to adsorbed diglyceride was found to be the rate-determining step with a rate constant of 0.0059 ± 0.0002 L mol −1 min −1 .

Suggested Citation

  • Han Jin & Praveen Kolar & Steven W. Peretti & Jason A. Osborne & Jay J. Cheng, 2017. "Kinetics and Mechanism of NaOH-Impregnated Calcined Oyster Shell-Catalyzed Transesterification of Soybean Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:11:p:1920-:d:119741
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ramezani, K. & Rowshanzamir, S. & Eikani, M.H., 2010. "Castor oil transesterification reaction: A kinetic study and optimization of parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 4142-4148.
    2. Suryaputra, Wijaya & Winata, Indra & Indraswati, Nani & Ismadji, Suryadi, 2013. "Waste capiz (Amusium cristatum) shell as a new heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 795-799.
    3. Leung, Dennis Y.C. & Wu, Xuan & Leung, M.K.H., 2010. "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1083-1095, April.
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    1. Hoang Chinh Nguyen & Dinh Thi My Huong & Horng-Yi Juan & Chia-Hung Su & Chien-Chung Chien, 2018. "Liquid Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification of Oleic Acid with Methanol for Biodiesel Production in the Presence of Superabsorbent Polymer: Optimization by Using Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-12, April.
    2. Nath, Biswajit & Kalita, Pranjal & Das, Bipul & Basumatary, Sanjay, 2020. "Highly efficient renewable heterogeneous base catalyst derived from waste Sesamum indicum plant for synthesis of biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 295-310.

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