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Effects of Spatial Characteristics on Non-Standard Employment for Canada’s Immigrant Population

Author

Listed:
  • Waad Ali

    (Department of Geography, College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 112, Oman)

  • Boadi Agyekum

    (School of Continuing and Distance Education, University of Ghana, Accra GA184, Ghana)

  • Noura Al Nasiri

    (Department of Geography, College of Arts & Social Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 112, Oman)

  • Ammar Abulibdeh

    (Applied Geography and GIS Program, Department of Humanities, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar)

  • Shekhar Chauhan

    (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai 400029, India)

Abstract

Using microdata from Statistics Canada’s Labour Force Survey (LFS) and Population Census, this paper explores how spatial characteristics are correlated with temporary employment outcomes for Canada’s immigrant population. Results from ordinary least square regression models suggest that census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations (CMAs/CAs) characterized by a high share of racialized immigrants, immigrants in low-income, young, aged immigrants, unemployed immigrants, and immigrants employed in health and service occupations were positively associated with an increase in temporary employment for immigrants. Furthermore, findings from principal component regression models revealed that a combination of spatial characteristics, namely CMAs/CAs characterized by both a high share of unemployed immigrants and immigrants in poverty, had a greater likelihood of immigrants being employed temporarily. The significance of this study lies in the spatial conceptualization of temporary employment for immigrants that could better inform spatially targeted employment policies, especially in the wake of the structural shift in the nature of work brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Waad Ali & Boadi Agyekum & Noura Al Nasiri & Ammar Abulibdeh & Shekhar Chauhan, 2023. "Effects of Spatial Characteristics on Non-Standard Employment for Canada’s Immigrant Population," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:4:p:114-:d:1121736
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Parvinder Hira-Friesen, 2018. "Immigrants and Precarious Work in Canada: Trends, 2006–2012," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 35-57, February.
    2. Sylvia Fuller & Leah Vosko, 2008. "Temporary Employment and Social Inequality in Canada: Exploring Intersections of Gender, Race and Immigration Status," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 88(1), pages 31-50, August.
    3. Krishna Pendakur & Ravi Pendakur, 1998. "The Colour of Money: Earnings Differentials Among Ethnic Groups in Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 31(3), pages 518-548, August.
    4. Philip Oreopoulos, 2011. "Why Do Skilled Immigrants Struggle in the Labor Market? A Field Experiment with Thirteen Thousand Resumes," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 3(4), pages 148-171, November.
    5. Yigit Aydede & Atul Dar, 2017. "Is the lower return to immigrants’ foreign schooling a postarrival problem in Canada?," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 6(1), pages 1-25, December.
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