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Energy Diversification and Security in the EU: Comparative Assessment in Different EU Regions

Author

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  • Dalia Streimikiene

    (Lithuanian Energy Institute, Breslaujos 3, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene

    (Kaunas Faculty, Vilnius University, Muitines 8, LT-44280 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Vidas Lekavicius

    (Lithuanian Energy Institute, Breslaujos 3, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania)

Abstract

Various methods and tools have been developed to quantify energy supply security; however, there is no ideal framework to measure energy security, as the concept is multifaceted and context dependent. Energy supply security has always been an extremely important issue for European Union (EU) countries due to high import dependency, and recent events linked to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine have made it exceptionally important to reconsider this problem to identify the crucial issues and address contemporary policy needs. This study endeavours to systematise the primary energy security indicators in terms of policy relevance and develop an energy security assessment framework to examine energy import dependency and diversification for the EU in view of recent problems. This study introduces an energy import diversification and security index which enables measurement of a country’s energy security level for comparison with other countries and identifies primary areas for improvement. The proposed framework is then applied to a case study of selected EU countries to examine regional differences and identify potential improvements.

Suggested Citation

  • Dalia Streimikiene & Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene & Vidas Lekavicius, 2023. "Energy Diversification and Security in the EU: Comparative Assessment in Different EU Regions," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:83-:d:1089033
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Piotr Kosowski & Katarzyna Kosowska & Damian Janiga, 2023. "Primary Energy Consumption Patterns in Selected European Countries from 1990 to 2021: A Cluster Analysis Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-28, October.
    2. Piotr Kosowski, 2024. "From Fossil Fuels to Renewables: Clustering European Primary Energy Production from 1990 to 2022," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Lekavičius, Vidas & Balsiūnaitė, Rimantė & Bobinaitė, Viktorija & Konstantinavičiūtė, Inga & Rimkūnaitė, Kristina & Štreimikienė, Dalia & Tarvydas, Dalius, 2024. "The diversification of energy resources and equipment imports in the European Union," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    4. Beata Bieszk-Stolorz & Krzysztof Dmytrów & Michał Bernard Pietrzak, 2025. "Quality of Consumed Energy as a Key Element in the Development of Processes of Energy Transformation in the European Union Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-20, January.

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