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Methane Emissions from Ruminant Livestock in Ethiopia: Promising Forage Species to Reduce CH 4 Emissions

Author

Listed:
  • Yonas Berhanu

    (Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway)

  • Lars Olav

    (Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway)

  • Ajebu Nurfeta

    (School of Animal and Range Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box. 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia)

  • Ayana Angassa

    (School of Animal and Range Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O. Box. 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
    Department of Range and Forest Resources, Botswana Univeesity of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone, Botswana)

  • Jens B. Aune

    (Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway)

Abstract

This paper assesses the ability of fodder plants to reduce methane (CH 4 ) emissions while simultaneously improving animal productivity in Ethiopia. Enteric CH 4 emissions from ruminants in Ethiopia increased by 12% or ≈ 6197 Gg CO 2 -eq. in 2017 compared to the year 2011. In this study, six tropical multipurpose forages ( Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Moringa stenopetala (Bak.f.) Cuf., Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr., Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Crotalaria juncea L., and Lablab purpureus L.(Sweet)) and maize stover were characterized in terms of chemical composition, in vitro CH 4 production, and CH 4 concentration (%). The objective was to identify forages with low CH 4 production potential but with adequate forage quality. The forages differed significantly in chemical composition and in enteric CH 4 emission. The dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) ranged between 89.4–95.4%, 6.08–12.5%, 3.3–30.7%, 20.4–76.0%, 10.8–44.8, and 2.9–14.1%, respectively. All forage plants, except maize stover, contained high CP content above a threshold value (i.e., 7%). Cajanus c. generates the lowest amount of CH 4 (32.83 mL/0.2 g DM incubated). CH 4 concentration (%) was used as a potential indicator to determine the capacity of a plant to lower CH 4 production. Among the studied species, L. purpureus showed the highest CH 4 reduction potential (16%) followed by C. juncea (23.45%), M. stenopetala (24.2%), and L. leucocephala (25.5%). M. stenopetala was the most frequently preferred by the farmers followed by C. juncea and L. leucocephala . We concluded that M. stenopetala , C. juncea , and L. leucocephala can be promoted as valuable feed resources for ruminants while simultaneously reducing CH 4 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yonas Berhanu & Lars Olav & Ajebu Nurfeta & Ayana Angassa & Jens B. Aune, 2019. "Methane Emissions from Ruminant Livestock in Ethiopia: Promising Forage Species to Reduce CH 4 Emissions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:9:y:2019:i:6:p:130-:d:241587
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Karen J. Harper & David M. McNeill, 2015. "The Role iNDF in the Regulation of Feed Intake and the Importance of Its Assessment in Subtropical Ruminant Systems (the Role of iNDF in the Regulation of Forage Intake)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 5(3), pages 1-13, September.
    2. repec:fpr:2020br:16(6 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Allan P. O. Williams, 2006. "Impact of Strategies," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: The Rise of Cass Business School, chapter 13, pages 167-181, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gebeyanesh Zerssa & Debela Feyssa & Dong-Gill Kim & Bettina Eichler-Löbermann, 2021. "Challenges of Smallholder Farming in Ethiopia and Opportunities by Adopting Climate-Smart Agriculture," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-26, February.
    2. Berhanu, Yonas & Angassa, Ayana & Aune, Jens B., 2021. "A system analysis to assess the effect of low-cost agricultural technologies on productivity, income and GHG emissions in mixed farming systems in southern Ethiopia," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

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