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Effects of Supplementation with Essential Fatty Acids and Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Muscle Structure and Fat Deposition in Lactating Holstein Cows

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  • Cheng Xiao

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
    Institute of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China
    Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany)

  • Elke Albrecht

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

  • Dirk Dannenberger

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

  • Weibo Kong

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

  • Hao Gu

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

  • Harald M. Hammon

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

  • Steffen Maak

    (Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany)

Abstract

High-yielding dairy cows need diets that meet their energy demand and contain sufficient essential nutrients such as n-3 fatty acids (FAs). Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is able to relieve the energy metabolism, but common corn silage and concentrate-based diets contain insufficient amounts of essential fatty acids (EFA). Abomasal infusion was used in the current study to supplement cows from 9 weeks antepartum to 9 weeks postpartum with either coconut oil (CTRL, n = 8), EFA ( n = 9), or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, n = 9), or a combination of both (EFA + CLA, n = 10). The study focused on the effects of FAs on peripheral tissues, such as longissimus muscle (MLD) and adipose tissues, which were harvested after slaughter. Fatty acid composition, muscle fiber and fat cell morphology, muscle fiber type transition, and gene expression were analyzed. Supplemented FAs and their metabolites were increased ( p < 0.05) in MLD and intermuscular fat (INTF) but not in subcutaneous fat (SCF). The intramuscular fat content and gene expression of ACACA and FASN were increased in CLA-supplemented cows ( p < 0.05). Supplementation did not affect the muscle fiber size and fiber type composition. Supplemented CLA had more effects than EFA, improving the energy balance of cows accompanied with increased triglyceride formation and storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheng Xiao & Elke Albrecht & Dirk Dannenberger & Weibo Kong & Hao Gu & Harald M. Hammon & Steffen Maak, 2024. "Effects of Supplementation with Essential Fatty Acids and Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Muscle Structure and Fat Deposition in Lactating Holstein Cows," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:10:p:1720-:d:1490040
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evan D. Rosen & Bruce M. Spiegelman, 2006. "Adipocytes as regulators of energy balance and glucose homeostasis," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7121), pages 847-853, December.
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