IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v13y2023i7p1376-d1191700.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Selection of an Energy-Saving Engine Mode Based on the Power Delivery and Fuel Consumption of a 95 kW Tractor during Rotary Tillage

Author

Listed:
  • Md. Abu Ayub Siddique

    (Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Seung-Yun Baek

    (Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Seung-Min Baek

    (Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyeon-Ho Jeon

    (Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Jun-Ho Lee

    (Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Mo-A Son

    (Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Su-Young Yoon

    (Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Yong-Joo Kim

    (Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
    Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea)

  • Ryu-Gap Lim

    (Department of Smart Agriculture, Korea Agriculture Technology Promotion Agency, Iksan 54667, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate power delivery efficiency and fuel consumption based on engine modes. In this study, a 95 kW power-shift tractor was used to analyze power delivery and estimate fuel consumption during rotary tillage. Rotary tillage was conducted in a field experiment with the conventional, APS (auto power shift) power, and APS ECO engine modes. To analyze the field conditions, the soil hardness and soil water content were measured, and soil samples were collected from the experimental site to analyze the soil texture by using the USDA soil texture triangle. Finally, an efficient and suitable engine mode was selected for rotary tillage based on the working load. It was observed that the power delivery and tractive efficiencies when using the APS power mode were the highest among other engine modes, accounting for around 89.23 and 73.45%, respectively. However, the fuel consumption when using the APS power mode was approximately 23.02 L/h, which was also comparatively higher than that of the other engine modes. Additionally, the tractive efficiencies of each engine mode were compared using the Brixius prediction model. The statistical analysis of the predicted tractive efficiencies and those in the tests showed that there were no significant differences among the engine modes; this indicates that the APS controller could perform with high accuracy. In the conventional mode, the power delivery, tractive efficiency, and fuel consumption were approximately 66.48%, 55.89%, and 17.04 L/h, respectively, which were comparatively low. However, the slip ratio in the conventional mode was 18.80%, which was higher than that in the APS power and APS ECO modes. On the other hand, PDE, TE, and fuel consumption when using APS ECO were around 77.57%, 58.44%, and 19.39 L/h, respectively, which were higher than those of the conventional mode, but lower than those of the APS power mode. Furthermore, the comparative analysis showed that the working loads in the APS ECO mode were located in the ungoverned region and were very close to the engine’s maximum torque, which could allow sudden and unwanted engine turn-off due to the fluctuations in working loads, which is to be avoided. The fuel consumption was also comparatively low. However, the working loads in the conventional and APS power modes were located in the governed region, which was outside the engine’s operating range. Therefore, we recommend that users operate tractors in the APS ECO engine mode for rotary tillage, considering fuel economics and high working loads.

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Abu Ayub Siddique & Seung-Yun Baek & Seung-Min Baek & Hyeon-Ho Jeon & Jun-Ho Lee & Mo-A Son & Su-Young Yoon & Yong-Joo Kim & Ryu-Gap Lim, 2023. "The Selection of an Energy-Saving Engine Mode Based on the Power Delivery and Fuel Consumption of a 95 kW Tractor during Rotary Tillage," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:7:p:1376-:d:1191700
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/7/1376/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/7/1376/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Md. Abu Ayub Siddique & Seung-Min Baek & Seung-Yun Baek & Yong-Joo Kim & Ryu-Gap Lim, 2022. "Development, Validation, and Evaluation of Partial PST Tractor Simulation Model for Different Engine Modes during Field Operations," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Zhang, Sheng-li & Wen, Chang-kai & Ren, Wen & Luo, Zhen-hao & Xie, Bin & Zhu, Zhong-xiang & Chen, Zhong-ju, 2023. "A joint control method considering travel speed and slip for reducing energy consumption of rear wheel independent drive electric tractor in ploughing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    3. Md. Abu Ayub Siddique & Seung-Min Baek & Seung-Yun Baek & Wan-Soo Kim & Yeon-Soo Kim & Yong-Joo Kim & Dae-Hyun Lee & Kwan-Ho Lee & Joon-Yeal Hwang, 2021. "Simulation of Fuel Consumption Based on Engine Load Level of a 95 kW Partial Power-Shift Transmission Tractor," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Moinfar, AbdolMajid & Shahgholi, Gholamhossein & Gilandeh, Yousef Abbaspour & Gundoshmian, Tarahom Mesri, 2020. "The effect of the tractor driving system on its performance and fuel consumption," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    5. Mileusnić, Z.I. & Petrović, D.V. & Đević, M.S., 2010. "Comparison of tillage systems according to fuel consumption," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 221-228.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhenhao Luo & Jihang Wang & Jing Wu & Shengli Zhang & Zhongju Chen & Bin Xie, 2023. "Research on a Hydraulic Cylinder Pressure Control Method for Efficient Traction Operation in Electro-Hydraulic Hitch System of Electric Tractors," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Li, Xianzhe & Liu, Mengnan & Hu, Chenming & Yan, Xianghai & Zhao, Sixia & Zhang, Mingzhu & Xu, Liyou, 2024. "Parameters collaborative optimization design and innovation verification approach for fuel cell distributed drive electric tractor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    3. Chen, Guanpeng & Gao, Xue & Zhao, Yijie & Xu, Xiaojun & Jiang, Yue, 2024. "Attitude stability control for 6WID unmanned ground vehicle during steering: A collaborative controller considering minimizing tire slip energy loss," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    4. Barut, Zeliha Bereket & Ertekin, Can & Karaagac, Hasan Ali, 2011. "Tillage effects on energy use for corn silage in Mediterranean Coastal of Turkey," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(9), pages 5466-5475.
    5. Rana Shahzad Noor & Fiaz Hussain & Muhammad Umair & Muhammad Umar Farooq & Abu Saad & Yong Sun, 2020. "Silage Corn Production Under Different Planting Methods In Rainfed Agriculture System: An Energy Analysis," Big Data In Agriculture (BDA), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 2(1), pages 32-35:2, August.
    6. Rudolf Abrahám & Radoslav Majdan & Katarína Kollárová & Zdenko Tkáč & Štefan Hajdu & Ľubomír Kubík & Soňa Masarovičová, 2022. "Fatigue Analysis of Spike Segment of Special Tractor Wheels in Terms of Design Improvement for Chernozem Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Van linden, Veerle & Herman, Lieve, 2014. "A fuel consumption model for off-road use of mobile machinery in agriculture," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 880-889.
    8. Wang, Shuai & Wu, Xiuheng & Zhao, Xueyan & Wang, Shilong & Xie, Bin & Song, Zhenghe & Wang, Dongqing, 2023. "Co-optimization energy management strategy for a novel dual-motor drive system of electric tractor considering efficiency and stability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    9. André Vizinho & David Avelar & Cristina Branquinho & Tiago Capela Lourenço & Silvia Carvalho & Alice Nunes & Leonor Sucena-Paiva & Hugo Oliveira & Ana Lúcia Fonseca & Filipe Duarte Santos & Maria José, 2021. "Framework for Climate Change Adaptation of Agriculture and Forestry in Mediterranean Climate Regions," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-33, February.
    10. Vu, Ngoc-Lam & Messier, Pascal & Nguyễn, Bảo-Huy & Vo-Duy, Thanh & Trovão, João Pedro F. & Desrochers, Alain & Rodrigues, António, 2023. "Energy-optimization design and management strategy for hybrid electric non-road mobile machinery: A case study of snowblower," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    11. Md. Abu Ayub Siddique & Yong-Joo Kim & Seung-Min Baek & Seung-Yun Baek & Tae-Ho Han & Wan-Soo Kim & Yeon-Soo Kim & Ryu-Gap Lim & Yong Choi, 2022. "Development of the Reliability Assessment Process of the Hydraulic Pump for a 78 kW Tractor during Major Agricultural Operations," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, October.
    12. Nisar, Shahida & Benbi, Dinesh Kumar & Toor, Amardeep Singh, 2021. "Energy budgeting and carbon footprints of three tillage systems in maize-wheat sequence of north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    13. Adis Puška & Miroslav Nedeljković & Živče Šarkoćević & Zoran Golubović & Vladica Ristić & Ilija Stojanović, 2022. "Evaluation of Agricultural Machinery Using Multi-Criteria Analysis Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-17, July.
    14. Al-Mansour, F. & Jejcic, V., 2017. "A model calculation of the carbon footprint of agricultural products: The case of Slovenia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 7-15.
    15. Yu Wang & Ling Wang & Jianhua Zong & Dongxiao Lv & Shumao Wang, 2021. "Research on Loading Method of Tractor PTO Based on Dynamic Load Spectrum," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    16. Soltani, Afshin & Rajabi, M.H. & Zeinali, E. & Soltani, Elias, 2013. "Energy inputs and greenhouse gases emissions in wheat production in Gorgan, Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 54-61.
    17. Šarauskis, Egidijus & Vaitauskienė, Kristina & Romaneckas, Kęstutis & Jasinskas, Algirdas & Butkus, Vidmantas & Kriaučiūnienė, Zita, 2017. "Fuel consumption and CO2 emission analysis in different strip tillage scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 957-968.
    18. Francesco Mocera & Aurelio Somà & Salvatore Martelli & Valerio Martini, 2023. "Trends and Future Perspective of Electrification in Agricultural Tractor-Implement Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-36, September.
    19. Feilong Chang & Fahui Yuan & Zhixiong Lu, 2023. "A Multi-Objective Optimization Method for a Tractor Driveline Based on the Diversity Preservation Strategy of Gradient Crowding," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-16, June.
    20. Md. Abu Ayub Siddique & Seung-Min Baek & Seung-Yun Baek & Yong-Joo Kim & Ryu-Gap Lim, 2022. "Development, Validation, and Evaluation of Partial PST Tractor Simulation Model for Different Engine Modes during Field Operations," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:7:p:1376-:d:1191700. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.