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Sodium Azide as a Chemical Mutagen in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.): Patterns of the Genetic and Epigenetic Effects with iPBS and CRED-iPBS Techniques

Author

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  • Aras Türkoğlu

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42310 Konya, Türkiye)

  • Kamil Haliloğlu

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye)

  • Metin Tosun

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye)

  • Piotr Szulc

    (Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland)

  • Fatih Demirel

    (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, 76000 Igdir, Türkiye)

  • Barış Eren

    (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, 76000 Igdir, Türkiye)

  • Henryk Bujak

    (Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 24A, 53-363 Wrocław, Poland
    Research Center for Cultivar Testing, Słupia Wielka 34, 63-022 Słupia Wielka, Poland)

  • Halit Karagöz

    (East Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute, Gezköy-Dadaskent, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye)

  • Marek Selwet

    (Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Science, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland)

  • Güller Özkan

    (Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Türkiye)

  • Gniewko Niedbała

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

Wheat, which is scientifically known as Triticum aestivum L., is a very nutritious grain that serves as a key component of the human diet. The use of mutation breeding as a tool for crop improvement is a reasonably rapid procedure, and it generates a variety that may be used in selective breeding programs as well as functional gene investigations. The present experiment was used to evaluate the potential application of a conventional chemical mutagenesis technique via sodium azide (NaN 3 ) for the germination and seedling growth stage in wheat. Experiments with NaN 3 mutagenesis were conducted using four different treatment periods (0, 1, 2, and 3 h) and five different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM). The genomic instability and cytosine methylation of wheat using its seeds were investigated after they were treated. In order to evaluate the genomic instability and cytosine methylation in wheat that had been treated, interprimer binding site (iPBS) markers were used. The mutagenic effects of NaN 3 treatments had considerable polymorphism on a variety of impacts on the cytosine methylation and genomic instability of wheat plants. The results of the experiment showed considerable changes in the iPBS profiles produced by the administration of the same treatments at different dosages and at different times. Coupled restriction enzyme digestion interprimer binding site (CRED-iPBS) assays identified changes in gDNA cytosine methylation. The highest polymorphism value was obtained during 1 h + 2 mM NaN 3 , while the lowest (20.7%) was obtained during 1 h + 1.5 mM NaN 3 . Results showed that treatments with NaN 3 had an effect on the level of cytosine methylation and the stability of the genomic template in wheat plants in the germination stage. Additionally, an integrated method can be used to for mutation-assisted breeding using a molecular marker system in wheat followed by the selection of desired mutants.

Suggested Citation

  • Aras Türkoğlu & Kamil Haliloğlu & Metin Tosun & Piotr Szulc & Fatih Demirel & Barış Eren & Henryk Bujak & Halit Karagöz & Marek Selwet & Güller Özkan & Gniewko Niedbała, 2023. "Sodium Azide as a Chemical Mutagen in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.): Patterns of the Genetic and Epigenetic Effects with iPBS and CRED-iPBS Techniques," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:6:p:1242-:d:1170611
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matin Qaim, 2020. "Role of New Plant Breeding Technologies for Food Security and Sustainable Agricultural Development," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(2), pages 129-150, June.
    2. Huri Melek Yaman & Bülent Ordu & Nusret Zencirci & Mustafa Kan, 2020. "Coupling socioeconomic factors and cultural practices in production of einkorn and emmer wheat species in Turkey," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 8079-8096, December.
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