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Effects of Climate Warming on the Potential Northern Planting Boundaries of Three Main Grain Crops in China

Author

Listed:
  • Wen Zhuo

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Shibo Fang

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

  • Yuping Ma

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Rui Zhang

    (Beijing Penta Color Gold Soil Information & Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100193, China)

  • Lei Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Mengqian Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Jiansu Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Sever Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Xinran Gao

    (School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada)

Abstract

The production of wheat, maize and rice accounts for more than 90% of the total grain production of China. Assessing the impact of climate warming on suitable planting regions, especially the potential northern planting boundaries of these crops, is therefore critical to help guide agricultural policymaking and further maintain food security. In this study, we analyzed the effect of climate warming on the potential northern planting boundaries of three specific crops (winter wheat, spring maize, double and triple rice cropping systems) during two time periods (1961–1990 and 1991–2020) using meteorological data from 2437 national weather stations. Results show that the potential planting boundaries of these crops present a northward movement and a westward expansion during the time period of 1991–2020 under the background of temperature increase compared with the time period of 1961–1990. Moreover, the boundaries of winter wheat and spring maize also show a trend of expansion to high-altitude areas (e.g., the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau). The average moving distance of these crops ranged from 20 km to 300 km. In general, the potential planting boundaries of winter wheat, spring maize, double and triple rice cropping systems changed significantly due to climate warming, and the suitable planting area was increased. Our study aims to provide a more recent and accurate result than those of previous studies, which is expected to strengthen our understanding of the effect of climate change on the potential northern planting boundaries of the three main grain crops in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Zhuo & Shibo Fang & Yuping Ma & Rui Zhang & Lei Wang & Mengqian Li & Jiansu Zhang & Xinran Gao, 2022. "Effects of Climate Warming on the Potential Northern Planting Boundaries of Three Main Grain Crops in China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:6:p:746-:d:823396
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Ying Sun & Xuebin Zhang & Guoyu Ren & Francis W. Zwiers & Ting Hu, 2016. "Contribution of urbanization to warming in China," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 6(7), pages 706-709, July.
    3. Terry L. Root & Jeff T. Price & Kimberly R. Hall & Stephen H. Schneider & Cynthia Rosenzweig & J. Alan Pounds, 2003. "Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants," Nature, Nature, vol. 421(6918), pages 57-60, January.
    4. Zhijuan Liu & Xiaoguang Yang & Fu Chen & Enli Wang, 2013. "The effects of past climate change on the northern limits of maize planting in Northeast China," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 117(4), pages 891-902, April.
    5. Ye, Qing & Yang, Xiaoguang & Dai, Shuwei & Chen, Guangsheng & Li, Yong & Zhang, Caixia, 2015. "Effects of climate change on suitable rice cropping areas, cropping systems and crop water requirements in southern China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 35-44.
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