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Flowering Biology of Selected Hybrid Grape Cultivars under Temperate Climate Conditions

Author

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  • Barbara Anna Kowalczyk

    (Department of Ornamental Plants and Garden Art, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

  • Monika Bieniasz

    (Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

  • Anna Kostecka-Gugała

    (Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

Climate change is being felt in all vineyards around the world, opening up new perspectives for regions with a growing winemaking industry. In this study, 11 hybrid grapevines grown in cold climates were assessed in terms of flowering biology and pollination efficiency. The flowers were evaluated for the number of anthers and pollen grains in the flower; pollen viability and pollen grain size, the number of ovules in the ovary, and, consequently, the size and the weight of berries and the number of seeds in the berries were also analyzed. The flowers of Vitis vinifera L. usually have 5 stamens and 5 petals in their structure; this number for hybrid varieties ranged from 4 to 7, and in the case of the variety ‘Seyval Blanc’, it was 4 to 11 stamen and petals. Pollen grain size varied and ranged from 17.01 to 22.25 μm, while pollen grain pro-duction in flowers ranged from 5073 to 34,976 grain, which was calculated using a Bürker hemocytometer. The number of ovules in the ovary for the cultivars in question was highly variable, ranging from 3 to 7. One of the most important factors affecting flower pollination is stigma receptivity. Stigma receptivity appeared when the cap starts to fall off and disappeared at the browning of the cap. In connection with climatic changes, grapevine production is expanding to cool-climate countries. The aim of this study was to expand our knowledge about the flower morphology of 11 hybrid grapevine varieties most commonly cultivated in Poland. Knowledge of the flowering process can be important for improving yield and its quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara Anna Kowalczyk & Monika Bieniasz & Anna Kostecka-Gugała, 2022. "Flowering Biology of Selected Hybrid Grape Cultivars under Temperate Climate Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:5:p:655-:d:806773
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. L. B. Webb & P. H. Whetton & J. Bhend & R. Darbyshire & P. R. Briggs & E. W. R. Barlow, 2012. "Earlier wine-grape ripening driven by climatic warming and drying and management practices," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(4), pages 259-264, April.
    2. Ana I. Monteiro & Aureliano C. Malheiro & Eunice A. Bacelar, 2021. "Morphology, Physiology and Analysis Techniques of Grapevine Bud Fruitfulness: A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Francisco García-Breijo & José Reig Armiñana & Alfonso Garmendia & Nuria Cebrián & Roberto Beltrán & Hugo Merle, 2020. "In Vivo Pollen Tube Growth and Evidence of Self-Pollination and Prefloral Anthesis in cv. Macabeo ( Vitis vinifera L.)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Grzegorz P. Łysiak & Iwona Szot, 2023. "The Use of Temperature Based Indices for Estimation of Fruit Production Conditions and Risks in Temperate Climates," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-24, April.

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