IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jagris/v11y2021i5p387-d543131.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Early Weed Detection Using Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques in an Australian Chilli Farm

Author

Listed:
  • Nahina Islam

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Centre for Intelligent Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia)

  • Md Mamunur Rashid

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Centre for Intelligent Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia)

  • Santoso Wibowo

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Centre for Intelligent Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia)

  • Cheng-Yuan Xu

    (Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
    School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4760, Australia)

  • Ahsan Morshed

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia)

  • Saleh A. Wasimi

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia)

  • Steven Moore

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Centre for Intelligent Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia)

  • Sk Mostafizur Rahman

    (School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
    ConnectAuz pty Ltd., Truganina, VIC 3029, Australia)

Abstract

This paper explores the potential of machine learning algorithms for weed and crop classification from UAV images. The identification of weeds in crops is a challenging task that has been addressed through orthomosaicing of images, feature extraction and labelling of images to train machine learning algorithms. In this paper, the performances of several machine learning algorithms, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbours (KNN), are analysed to detect weeds using UAV images collected from a chilli crop field located in Australia. The evaluation metrics used in the comparison of performance were accuracy, precision, recall, false positive rate and kappa coefficient. MATLAB is used for simulating the machine learning algorithms; and the achieved weed detection accuracies are 96% using RF, 94 % using SVM and 63 % using KNN. Based on this study, RF and SVM algorithms are efficient and practical to use, and can be implemented easily for detecting weed from UAV images.

Suggested Citation

  • Nahina Islam & Md Mamunur Rashid & Santoso Wibowo & Cheng-Yuan Xu & Ahsan Morshed & Saleh A. Wasimi & Steven Moore & Sk Mostafizur Rahman, 2021. "Early Weed Detection Using Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques in an Australian Chilli Farm," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-13, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:5:p:387-:d:543131
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/5/387/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/5/387/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nahina Islam & Md Mamunur Rashid & Faezeh Pasandideh & Biplob Ray & Steven Moore & Rajan Kadel, 2021. "A Review of Applications and Communication Technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Based Sustainable Smart Farming," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Vasileios Moysiadis & Georgios Kokkonis & Stamatia Bibi & Ioannis Moscholios & Nikolaos Maropoulos & Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, 2023. "Monitoring Mushroom Growth with Machine Learning," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Nur Adibah Mohidem & Nik Norasma Che’Ya & Abdul Shukor Juraimi & Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi & Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim & Nursyazyla Sulaiman & Mohammadmehdi Saberioon & Nisfariza Mohd Noor, 2021. "How Can Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Be Used for Detecting Weeds in Agricultural Fields?," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-27, October.
    3. Haotian Pei & Youqiang Sun & He Huang & Wei Zhang & Jiajia Sheng & Zhiying Zhang, 2022. "Weed Detection in Maize Fields by UAV Images Based on Crop Row Preprocessing and Improved YOLOv4," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Sidrah Mumtaz & Mudassar Raza & Ofonime Dominic Okon & Saeed Ur Rehman & Adham E. Ragab & Hafiz Tayyab Rauf, 2023. "A Hybrid Framework for Detection and Analysis of Leaf Blight Using Guava Leaves Imaging," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-22, March.
    5. Benjamin Costello & Olusegun O. Osunkoya & Juan Sandino & William Marinic & Peter Trotter & Boyang Shi & Felipe Gonzalez & Kunjithapatham Dhileepan, 2022. "Detection of Parthenium Weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) and Its Growth Stages Using Artificial Intelligence," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-23, November.
    6. Xianguo Ren & Haiqing Tian & Kai Zhao & Dapeng Li & Ziqing Xiao & Yang Yu & Fei Liu, 2022. "Research on pH Value Detection Method during Maize Silage Secondary Fermentation Based on Computer Vision," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Shirin Ghatrehsamani & Gaurav Jha & Writuparna Dutta & Faezeh Molaei & Farshina Nazrul & Mathieu Fortin & Sangeeta Bansal & Udit Debangshi & Jasmine Neupane, 2023. "Artificial Intelligence Tools and Techniques to Combat Herbicide Resistant Weeds—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    8. Xinle Zhang & Jian Cui & Huanjun Liu & Yongqi Han & Hongfu Ai & Chang Dong & Jiaru Zhang & Yunxiang Chu, 2023. "Weed Identification in Soybean Seedling Stage Based on Optimized Faster R-CNN Algorithm," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, January.
    9. Mohammed Aljebreen & Hanan Abdullah Mengash & Fadoua Kouki & Abdelwahed Motwakel, 2023. "Improved Artificial Ecosystem Optimizer with Deep-Learning-Based Insect Detection and Classification for Agricultural Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-17, October.
    10. Benjamin T. Fraser & Christine L. Bunyon & Sarah Reny & Isabelle Sophia Lopez & Russell G. Congalton, 2022. "Analysis of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Sensor Data for Natural Resource Applications: A Review," Geographies, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-38, June.
    11. El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy & Nima Khodadadi & Seyedali Mirjalili & Tatiana Makarovskikh & Mostafa Abotaleb & Faten Khalid Karim & Hend K. Alkahtani & Abdelaziz A. Abdelhamid & Marwa M. Eid & Takahiko Horiu, 2022. "Metaheuristic Optimization for Improving Weed Detection in Wheat Images Captured by Drones," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-30, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Faris A. Almalki & Ben Othman Soufiene & Saeed H. Alsamhi & Hedi Sakli, 2021. "A Low-Cost Platform for Environmental Smart Farming Monitoring System Based on IoT and UAVs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-26, May.
    2. Amlan Haque & Nahina Islam & Nahidul Hoque Samrat & Shuvashis Dey & Biplob Ray, 2021. "Smart Farming through Responsible Leadership in Bangladesh: Possibilities, Opportunities, and Beyond," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. Mohammad Amiri-Zarandi & Mehdi Hazrati Fard & Samira Yousefinaghani & Mitra Kaviani & Rozita Dara, 2022. "A Platform Approach to Smart Farm Information Processing," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-18, June.
    4. Shuyao Li & Wenfu Wu & Yujia Wang & Na Zhang & Fanhui Sun & Feng Jiang & Xiaoshuai Wei, 2023. "Production Data Management of Smart Farming Based on Shili Theory," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-26, March.
    5. Dimitrios S. Paraforos & Galibjon M. Sharipov & Andreas Heiß & Hans W. Griepentrog, 2022. "Position Accuracy Assessment of a UAV-Mounted Sequoia+ Multispectral Camera Using a Robotic Total Station," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, June.
    6. Junfang Zhao & Dongsheng Liu & Ruixi Huang, 2023. "A Review of Climate-Smart Agriculture: Recent Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:5:p:387-:d:543131. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.